PURPOSE: This study investigated the influence of distance on self-selected pacing during the swim, cycle and run disciplines of sprint, Olympic and half-Ironman (HIM) distance triathlon races. METHOD: Eight trained male triathletes performed the three individual races in <2 months. Participants' bikes were fitted with Schoberer Rad Meßtechnik to monitor speed, power output and heart rate during the cycle discipline. Global positioning system was worn to determine speed and heart rate during the swim and run disciplines. RESULT: An even swim pacing strategy was adopted across all distances. A more stochastic pacing was observed during the HIM cycle [standard deviation of exposure variation analysis (EVASD) = 3.21 ± 0.61] when compared with the sprint cycle discipline (EVASD = 3.84 ± 0.44, p = 0.018). Only 20.9 ± 4.1 % of the cycling time was spent more than 10 % above the mean power output in the HIM, compared with 43.8 ± 2.9 % (p = 0.002) and 37.7 ± 11.1 % (p = 0.039) during the sprint and Olympic distance triathlons, respectively. Conversely, 13.6 ± 5.1 % of the cycling time was spent 5-10 % below the mean power output during the HIM, compared with 5.9 ± 1.2 % (p = 0.034) and 8.0 ± 5.1 % (p = 0.045) during the sprint and Olympic distance triathlons, respectively. A negative pacing strategy was adopted during the sprint distance run, compared with positive pacing strategy during the Olympic and HIM. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest that pacing strategies during triathlon are highly influenced by distance and discipline, and highlight the importance of developing pacing strategies based on distance, strengths and individual fitness.
PURPOSE: This study investigated the influence of distance on self-selected pacing during the swim, cycle and run disciplines of sprint, Olympic and half-Ironman (HIM) distance triathlon races. METHOD: Eight trained male triathletes performed the three individual races in <2 months. Participants' bikes were fitted with Schoberer Rad Meßtechnik to monitor speed, power output and heart rate during the cycle discipline. Global positioning system was worn to determine speed and heart rate during the swim and run disciplines. RESULT: An even swim pacing strategy was adopted across all distances. A more stochastic pacing was observed during the HIM cycle [standard deviation of exposure variation analysis (EVASD) = 3.21 ± 0.61] when compared with the sprint cycle discipline (EVASD = 3.84 ± 0.44, p = 0.018). Only 20.9 ± 4.1 % of the cycling time was spent more than 10 % above the mean power output in the HIM, compared with 43.8 ± 2.9 % (p = 0.002) and 37.7 ± 11.1 % (p = 0.039) during the sprint and Olympic distance triathlons, respectively. Conversely, 13.6 ± 5.1 % of the cycling time was spent 5-10 % below the mean power output during the HIM, compared with 5.9 ± 1.2 % (p = 0.034) and 8.0 ± 5.1 % (p = 0.045) during the sprint and Olympic distance triathlons, respectively. A negative pacing strategy was adopted during the sprint distance run, compared with positive pacing strategy during the Olympic and HIM. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest that pacing strategies during triathlon are highly influenced by distance and discipline, and highlight the importance of developing pacing strategies based on distance, strengths and individual fitness.
Authors: Christoph A Rüst; Nicola Luigi Bragazzi; Alessio Signori; Michael Stiefel; Thomas Rosemann; Beat Knechtle Journal: Springerplus Date: 2015-09-02
Authors: Lucas Pinheiro Barbosa; Caio Victor Sousa; Marcelo Magalhães Sales; Rafael Dos Reis Olher; Samuel Silva Aguiar; Patrick Anderson Santos; Eduard Tiozzo; Herbert Gustavo Simões; Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis; Beat Knechtle Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2019-03-20 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Beat Knechtle; Athanasios A Dalamitros; Tiago M Barbosa; Caio Victor Sousa; Thomas Rosemann; Pantelis Theo Nikolaidis Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2020-05-22 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Lucas Pinheiro Barbosa; Caio Victor Sousa; Samuel da Silva Aguiar; André Bonadias Gadelha; Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis; Elias Villiger; Beat Knechtle Journal: J Exerc Sci Fit Date: 2021-11-22 Impact factor: 3.103