From Prader-Willi syndrome to psychosis: translating parent-of-origin effects into schizophrenia research.

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a relatively rare disorder that originates from paternally inherited deletions and maternal disomy (mUPD) within the 15q11-q13 region or alterations in the PWS imprinting center. Evidence is accumulating that mUPD underlies high prevalence of psychosis among PWS patients. Several genes involved in differentiation and survival of neurons as well as neurotransmission known to act in the development of PWS have been also implicated in schizophrenia. In this article, we provide an overview of genetic and epigenetic underpinnings of psychosis in PWS indicating overlapping points in the molecular background of PWS and schizophrenia. Simultaneously, we highlight the need for studies investigating genetic and epigenetic makeup of the 15q11-q13 in schizophrenia indicating promising candidate genes.