Hamidreza Mirzaei1, Gholamreza Esmaeeli Djavid2, Mahnaz Hadizadeh3, Maryam Jahanshiri-Moghadam2, Parastoo Hajian4. 1. Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. Medical Laser Research Center, Iranian Center for Medical Lasers (ICML), Academic Center for Education, Culture & Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran. 3. Biotechnology Center, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: Hadizadehmahnaz@gmail.com. 4. Radiotherapy and Oncology Department, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a relatively novel modality for the treatment of cancer and some non-malignant lesions. PDT uses a photosensitive drug and light to destroy malignant cells. The aim of this study was to determine in vitro efficacy of Radachlorin-based PDT (Radachlorin-PDT) on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: The study used human liver cancer cells (HepG2) and normal liver cells (HFLF-PI4) to evaluate cell viability using the standard 2-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-3,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The mechanism of cell death following Radachlorin-PDT was determined by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Radachlorin without light irradiation had no toxic effect on HepG2 and HFLF-PI4 cells. Cell survival of HepG2 and HFLF-PI4 cells were decreased following PDT in a concentration-dependent manner. However, HepG2 cells were much more sensitive to Radachlorin-PDT than HFLF-PI4 cells. Radachlorin LD50 on HepG2 cells was 30μg/ml and 20μg/ml, 24h after exposure to doses of 5J/cm(2) and 15, or 25J/cm(2), respectively. Optimal Radachlorin and light dose to kill HepG2 cells with minimal effects on normal HFLF-PI4 cells were 100μg/ml and 15J/cm(2), respectively. Our results also showed that apoptosis is induced in HepG2 cells following Radachlorin-PDT. CONCLUSION: Our in vitro data suggest that the use of PDT with Radachlorin can be effective in the treatment of HCC.
BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a relatively novel modality for the treatment of cancer and some non-malignant lesions. PDT uses a photosensitive drug and light to destroy malignant cells. The aim of this study was to determine in vitro efficacy of Radachlorin-based PDT (Radachlorin-PDT) on humanhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: The study used humanliver cancer cells (HepG2) and normal liver cells (HFLF-PI4) to evaluate cell viability using the standard 2-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-3,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The mechanism of cell death following Radachlorin-PDT was determined by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry. RESULTS:Radachlorin without light irradiation had no toxic effect on HepG2 and HFLF-PI4 cells. Cell survival of HepG2 and HFLF-PI4 cells were decreased following PDT in a concentration-dependent manner. However, HepG2 cells were much more sensitive to Radachlorin-PDT than HFLF-PI4 cells. Radachlorin LD50 on HepG2 cells was 30μg/ml and 20μg/ml, 24h after exposure to doses of 5J/cm(2) and 15, or 25J/cm(2), respectively. Optimal Radachlorin and light dose to kill HepG2 cells with minimal effects on normal HFLF-PI4 cells were 100μg/ml and 15J/cm(2), respectively. Our results also showed that apoptosis is induced in HepG2 cells following Radachlorin-PDT. CONCLUSION: Our in vitro data suggest that the use of PDT with Radachlorin can be effective in the treatment of HCC.