Dimitrios Paraskevis1, Evangelia Kostaki2, Apostolos Beloukas3, Angelina Cañizares4, Antonio Aguilera5, Javier Rodríguez5, Marta Grandal6, Berta Pernas6, Angeles Castro-Iglesias6, Álvaro Mena6, José D Pedreira6, Eva Poveda6. 1. National Retrovirus Reference Center, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: dparask@med.uoa.gr. 2. National Retrovirus Reference Center, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. 3. National Retrovirus Reference Center, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Institute of Infection & Global Health (IGH), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. 4. Service of Microbiology, INIBIC-Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain. 5. Service of Microbiology, Hospital Conxo-CHUS, and Department of Microbiology, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. 6. Division of Clinical Virology, INIBIC-Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: HIV-1 subtype B is the predominant one in European regions several, while other subtypes and recombinants are also circulating with high prevalence. A sub-epidemic of subtype F with specific characteristics and low response to treatment has been recently identified in Galicia. In this study we investigated the characteristics of the HIV-1 subtype F sub-epidemic in A Coruña and Santiago de Compostela in Northwest Spain. METHODS: 420 newly HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2009-2013 were enrolled in this study. HIV-1 subtyping was carried out using automated subtyping tools and phylogenetic analysis. Molecular epidemiology investigation of subtypes B and F was performed by means of phylogenetic analysis using fast maximum likelihood. Phylodynamic analysis was performed using Bayesian method as implemented in BEAST v1.8. RESULTS: Subtype B found to be the predominant (61.2% and 70.4%) followed by subtype F (25.6% and 12.0%) in both areas (A Coruña and Santiago de Compostela, respectively). The latter found to mainly spread among men having sex with men (MSM). The vast majority of subtype F lineages from both areas clustered monophyletically, while subtype B sequences clustered in several tree branches. The exponential growth of subtype F sub-epidemic dated back in 2008 by means of phylodynamic analysis. Most of new infections during 2009-2013 occurred within the subtype F transmission cluster. CONCLUSIONS: Subtype F circulates at high prevalence in A Coruña and Santiago de Compostela in Northwest Spain, suggesting that the HIV-1 epidemic in this region has distinct characteristics to the rest of Spain. Subtype F has being spreading among MSM and is currently the most actively spreading network. The single cluster spread of this local sub-epidemic might provide an explanation for the distinct characteristics and the low response to antiretroviral treatment.
BACKGROUND:HIV-1 subtype B is the predominant one in European regions several, while other subtypes and recombinants are also circulating with high prevalence. A sub-epidemic of subtype F with specific characteristics and low response to treatment has been recently identified in Galicia. In this study we investigated the characteristics of the HIV-1 subtype F sub-epidemic in A Coruña and Santiago de Compostela in Northwest Spain. METHODS: 420 newly HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2009-2013 were enrolled in this study. HIV-1 subtyping was carried out using automated subtyping tools and phylogenetic analysis. Molecular epidemiology investigation of subtypes B and F was performed by means of phylogenetic analysis using fast maximum likelihood. Phylodynamic analysis was performed using Bayesian method as implemented in BEAST v1.8. RESULTS: Subtype B found to be the predominant (61.2% and 70.4%) followed by subtype F (25.6% and 12.0%) in both areas (A Coruña and Santiago de Compostela, respectively). The latter found to mainly spread among men having sex with men (MSM). The vast majority of subtype F lineages from both areas clustered monophyletically, while subtype B sequences clustered in several tree branches. The exponential growth of subtype F sub-epidemic dated back in 2008 by means of phylodynamic analysis. Most of new infections during 2009-2013 occurred within the subtype F transmission cluster. CONCLUSIONS: Subtype F circulates at high prevalence in A Coruña and Santiago de Compostela in Northwest Spain, suggesting that the HIV-1 epidemic in this region has distinct characteristics to the rest of Spain. Subtype F has being spreading among MSM and is currently the most actively spreading network. The single cluster spread of this local sub-epidemic might provide an explanation for the distinct characteristics and the low response to antiretroviral treatment.
Authors: Nicholas Silver; Mary Paynter; Georgina McAllister; Maureen Atchley; Christine Sayir; John Short; Dane Winner; David J Alouani; Freddie H Sharkey; Kicki Bergefall; Kate Templeton; David Carrington; Miguel E Quiñones-Mateu Journal: AIDS Res Ther Date: 2018-11-08 Impact factor: 2.250
Authors: Elena Delgado; María Teresa Cuevas; Francisco Domínguez; Yolanda Vega; Marina Cabello; Aurora Fernández-García; Marcos Pérez-Losada; María Ángeles Castro; Vanessa Montero; Mónica Sánchez; Ana Mariño; Hortensia Álvarez; Patricia Ordóñez; Antonio Ocampo; Celia Miralles; Sonia Pérez-Castro; María José López-Álvarez; Raúl Rodríguez; Matilde Trigo; Julio Diz-Arén; Carmen Hinojosa; Pablo Bachiller; Silvia Hernáez-Crespo; Ramón Cisterna; Eugenio Garduño; Lucía Pérez-Álvarez; Michael M Thomson Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-11-24 Impact factor: 3.240