Veronika Dunkl1, Corvin Cleff2, Gabriele Stoffels3, Natalie Judov3, Sevgi Sarikaya-Seiwert4, Ian Law5, Lars Bøgeskov6, Karsten Nysom7, Sofie B Andersen5, Hans-Jakob Steiger4, Gereon R Fink1, Guido Reifenberger8, Nadim J Shah3, Heinz H Coenen3, Karl-Josef Langen9, Norbert Galldiks10. 1. Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. 2. Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. 3. Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany. 4. Department of Neurosurgery, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. 5. Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. 6. Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. 7. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. 8. Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. 9. Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany; and. 10. Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany n.galldiks@fz-juelich.de.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Experience regarding O-(2-(18)F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine ((18)F-FET) PET in children and adolescents with brain tumors is limited. METHODS: Sixty-nine (18)F-FET PET scans of 48 children and adolescents (median age, 13 y; range, 1-18 y) were analyzed retrospectively. Twenty-six scans to assess newly diagnosed cerebral lesions, 24 scans for diagnosing tumor progression or recurrence, 8 scans for monitoring of chemotherapy effects, and 11 scans for the detection of residual tumor after resection were obtained. Maximum and mean tumor-to-brain ratios (TBRs) were determined at 20-40 min after injection, and time-activity curves of (18)F-FET uptake were assigned to 3 different patterns: constant increase; peak at greater than 20-40 min after injection, followed by a plateau; and early peak (≤ 20 min), followed by a constant descent. The diagnostic accuracy of (18)F-FET PET was assessed by receiver-operating-characteristic curve analyses using histology or clinical course as a reference. RESULTS: In patients with newly diagnosed cerebral lesions, the highest accuracy (77%) to detect neoplastic tissue (19/26 patients) was obtained when the maximum TBR was 1.7 or greater (area under the curve, 0.80 ± 0.09; sensitivity, 79%; specificity, 71%; positive predictive value, 88%; P = 0.02). For diagnosing tumor progression or recurrence, the highest accuracy (82%) was obtained when curve patterns 2 or 3 were present (area under the curve, 0.80 ± 0.11; sensitivity, 75%; specificity, 90%; positive predictive value, 90%; P = 0.02). During chemotherapy, a decrease of TBRs was associated with a stable clinical course, and in 2 patients PET detected residual tumor after presumably complete tumor resection. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that (18)F-FET PET can add valuable information for clinical decision making in pediatric brain tumor patients.
UNLABELLED: Experience regarding O-(2-(18)F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine ((18)F-FET) PET in children and adolescents with brain tumors is limited. METHODS: Sixty-nine (18)F-FET PET scans of 48 children and adolescents (median age, 13 y; range, 1-18 y) were analyzed retrospectively. Twenty-six scans to assess newly diagnosed cerebral lesions, 24 scans for diagnosing tumor progression or recurrence, 8 scans for monitoring of chemotherapy effects, and 11 scans for the detection of residual tumor after resection were obtained. Maximum and mean tumor-to-brain ratios (TBRs) were determined at 20-40 min after injection, and time-activity curves of (18)F-FET uptake were assigned to 3 different patterns: constant increase; peak at greater than 20-40 min after injection, followed by a plateau; and early peak (≤ 20 min), followed by a constant descent. The diagnostic accuracy of (18)F-FET PET was assessed by receiver-operating-characteristic curve analyses using histology or clinical course as a reference. RESULTS: In patients with newly diagnosed cerebral lesions, the highest accuracy (77%) to detect neoplastic tissue (19/26 patients) was obtained when the maximum TBR was 1.7 or greater (area under the curve, 0.80 ± 0.09; sensitivity, 79%; specificity, 71%; positive predictive value, 88%; P = 0.02). For diagnosing tumor progression or recurrence, the highest accuracy (82%) was obtained when curve patterns 2 or 3 were present (area under the curve, 0.80 ± 0.11; sensitivity, 75%; specificity, 90%; positive predictive value, 90%; P = 0.02). During chemotherapy, a decrease of TBRs was associated with a stable clinical course, and in 2 patients PET detected residual tumor after presumably complete tumor resection. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that (18)F-FET PET can add valuable information for clinical decision making in pediatric brain tumorpatients.
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