Seungho Ryu1, Yoosoo Chang2, Yuni Choi3, Min-Jung Kwon4, Chan-Won Kim3, Kyung Eun Yun3, Hyun-Suk Jung3, Bo-Kyoung Kim3, Yoo Jin Kim3, Jiin Ahn3, Yong Kyun Cho5, Kye-Hyun Kim6, Eun Chul Chung7, Hocheol Shin8, Juhee Cho9. 1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: sh703.yoo@gmail.com. 2. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 3. Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 4. Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 5. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 6. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 7. Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 8. Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. 9. Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The goal of this study was to examine the association between age at menarche and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Korean women and to explore whether any observed associations were mediated by adult adiposity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed for 95,183 Korean women, aged 30 or older, who underwent a regular health screening examination between March 2011 and April 2013. Information regarding age at menarche was collected using standardized, self-administered questionnaires. The presence of fatty liver was determined using ultrasonographic findings. Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to evaluate the association between age at menarche and NAFLD. RESULTS: Of the 76,415 women evaluated in this study, 9601 had NAFLD. Age at menarche was inversely associated with the prevalence of NAFLD. In a multivariable-adjusted model, the prevalence ratios (95% CIs) for NAFLD comparing menarche at <12, 12, 14, 15, and 16-18 years to menarche at 13 years were 1.31 (1.18-1.45), 1.05 (0.97-1.13), 0.93 (0.87-0.99), 0.87 (0.82-0.93), and 0.78 (0.73-0.84), respectively (p for trend <0.001). Adjusting for adult BMI or percent fat mass (%) substantially reduced these associations; however, they remained statistically significant. The association between age at menarche and NAFLD was modified by age. CONCLUSIONS: We identified an inverse association between age at menarche and NAFLD in a large sample of middle-aged women. This association was partially mediated by adiposity. The findings of this study suggest that obesity prevention strategies are needed in women who undergo early menarche to reduce the risk of NAFLD.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The goal of this study was to examine the association between age at menarche and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Korean women and to explore whether any observed associations were mediated by adult adiposity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed for 95,183 Korean women, aged 30 or older, who underwent a regular health screening examination between March 2011 and April 2013. Information regarding age at menarche was collected using standardized, self-administered questionnaires. The presence of fatty liver was determined using ultrasonographic findings. Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to evaluate the association between age at menarche and NAFLD. RESULTS: Of the 76,415 women evaluated in this study, 9601 had NAFLD. Age at menarche was inversely associated with the prevalence of NAFLD. In a multivariable-adjusted model, the prevalence ratios (95% CIs) for NAFLD comparing menarche at <12, 12, 14, 15, and 16-18 years to menarche at 13 years were 1.31 (1.18-1.45), 1.05 (0.97-1.13), 0.93 (0.87-0.99), 0.87 (0.82-0.93), and 0.78 (0.73-0.84), respectively (p for trend <0.001). Adjusting for adult BMI or percent fat mass (%) substantially reduced these associations; however, they remained statistically significant. The association between age at menarche and NAFLD was modified by age. CONCLUSIONS: We identified an inverse association between age at menarche and NAFLD in a large sample of middle-aged women. This association was partially mediated by adiposity. The findings of this study suggest that obesity prevention strategies are needed in women who undergo early menarche to reduce the risk of NAFLD.
Authors: Sabrina Xin Zi Quek; Eunice Xiang-Xuan Tan; Yi Ping Ren; Mark Muthiah; Evelyn Xiu Ling Loo; Elizabeth Huiwen Tham; Kewin Tien Ho Siah Journal: World J Hepatol Date: 2022-06-27
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Authors: Jun Wang; Anna H Wu; Frank Z Stanczyk; Jacqueline Porcel; Mazen Noureddin; Norah A Terrault; Lynne R Wilkens; Veronica Wendy Setiawan Journal: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol Date: 2020-08-12 Impact factor: 13.576