Xiao-Dong Deng1, Hai Jiang2, Ying Ma3, Qin Gao4, Bo Zhang1, Bo Mu5, Li-Xia Zhang1, Wei Zhang1, Zhe-Er Mu Er1, Ying Xie1, Yun Liu6. 1. Department of Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, PR China. 2. Hong Hui Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710054, PR China. 3. Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, PR China. 4. Nan Chong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, PR China. 5. Department of Biology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, PR China. 6. Department of Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, PR China. Electronic address: xyun2005@163.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Growing evidence indicated conflicting results about the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2)/kinase domain containing 1 gene (ANKK1) TaqIA single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1800497) and common illicit drug dependence risk including stimulants, opioid and marijuana. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between the polymorphism and common illicit drug dependence risk. METHOD: A total of 25 available studies (26 subgroups) testing the association between the polymorphism and common illicit drug dependence were examined through Oct 2013. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using fixed- and random-effects models when appropriate. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. RESULTS: We found the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of opioid dependence under homozygote, dominant, and recessive genetic model, respectively (homozygote: OR=1.546, 95%CI=1.279-1.87; dominant: OR=1.265, 95%CI=1.055-1.516; recessive: OR=1.409, 95%CI=1.182-1.680). Subgroup analyses were similar to the results of the total population by ethnicity and quality score. Besides, we also found that Caucasian and low-quality studies were major sources of heterogeneity for opioid dependence. We failed to find any significant association between the polymorphism and stimulants or marijuana neither in total population nor subgroup analyses under any genetic model. CONCLUSIONS: The current meta-analysis suggested that DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA polymorphism might be associated with opioid dependence risk, but not associated with stimulants or marijuana dependence.
BACKGROUND: Growing evidence indicated conflicting results about the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2)/kinase domain containing 1 gene (ANKK1) TaqIA single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1800497) and common illicit drug dependence risk including stimulants, opioid and marijuana. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between the polymorphism and common illicit drug dependence risk. METHOD: A total of 25 available studies (26 subgroups) testing the association between the polymorphism and common illicit drug dependence were examined through Oct 2013. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using fixed- and random-effects models when appropriate. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated. RESULTS: We found the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of opioid dependence under homozygote, dominant, and recessive genetic model, respectively (homozygote: OR=1.546, 95%CI=1.279-1.87; dominant: OR=1.265, 95%CI=1.055-1.516; recessive: OR=1.409, 95%CI=1.182-1.680). Subgroup analyses were similar to the results of the total population by ethnicity and quality score. Besides, we also found that Caucasian and low-quality studies were major sources of heterogeneity for opioid dependence. We failed to find any significant association between the polymorphism and stimulants or marijuana neither in total population nor subgroup analyses under any genetic model. CONCLUSIONS: The current meta-analysis suggested that DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA polymorphism might be associated with opioid dependence risk, but not associated with stimulants or marijuana dependence.
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