Heparin nanoparticles for β amyloid binding and mitigation of β amyloid associated cytotoxicity.

Accumulation of β amyloid (Aβ) in the brain is believed to play a key role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Glycosaminoglycans on surface of neuronal cells can serve as nucleation sites to promote plaque formation on cell surface. To mimic this process, magnetic nanoparticles coated with heparin have been synthesized. The heparin nanoparticles were demonstrated to bind with Aβ through a variety of techniques including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, gel electrophoresis, and thioflavin T assay. The nanoparticle exhibited little toxicity to neuronal cells and at the same time can effectively protect them from Aβ induced cytotoxicity. These results suggest that heparin nanoparticles can be a very useful tool for Aβ studies.