Quantitative changes in polyphosphoinositides 1,2-diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate by platelet-derived growth factor and prostaglandin F2 alpha.

We developed a novel method to quantify trace amounts of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) using antibodies against PIP and PIP2. With this method, polyphosphoinositides can be measured in the range from 20 to 500 pmol. We applied the method to quantify changes in PIP and PIP2 levels in Balb/c/3T3 cells stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), growth factors that stimulate the hydrolysis of PIP and PIP2. PIP2 content decreased rapidly to about 60% of control within 1 min while PIP content decreased gradually but significantly to 60% (PDGF) or 70% (PGF2 alpha) of control. Simultaneously we measured the mass levels of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and 1,2-diacylglycerol (DG). Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate levels rapidly increased and reached a maximum at 30 s after PDGF or PGF2 alpha stimulation and then decreased to the control level within 2 min. On the other hand, DG formation showed biphasic changes. In the first phase, DG rapidly accumulated and reached a maximum at 30 s after PDGF or PGF2 alpha stimulation and then quickly decreased. In the second phase, DG accumulated gradually, but very markedly, 2 min after PDGF or PGF2 alpha stimulation. Considering the changes in PIP2, DG in the first phase seems to be derived mainly from PIP2 while most of the DG in the second phase derived from other lipids.