Felipe Suarez1, Nizar Mahlaoui2, Danielle Canioni2, Chantal Andriamanga2, Catherine Dubois d'Enghien2, Nicole Brousse2, Jean-Philippe Jais2, Alain Fischer2, Olivier Hermine2, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet2. 1. Felipe Suarez, Nizar Mahlaoui, Danielle Canioni, Nicole Brousse, Jean-Philippe Jais, Alain Fischer, and Olivier Hermine, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; Felipe Suarez, Nizar Mahlaoui, Chantal Andriamanga, Alain Fischer, and Olivier Hermine, French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiency; Felipe Suarez, Nizar Mahlaoui, Jean-Philippe Jais, Alain Fischer, and Olivier Hermine, Imagine Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes; Felipe Suarez and Olivier Hermine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8254; Danielle Canioni, Nicole Brousse, and Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Université Paris Descartes; Catherine Dubois d'Enghien and Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Institut Curie; and Alain Fischer, Collège de France, Paris, France. felipe.suarez@nck.aphp.fr. 2. Felipe Suarez, Nizar Mahlaoui, Danielle Canioni, Nicole Brousse, Jean-Philippe Jais, Alain Fischer, and Olivier Hermine, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; Felipe Suarez, Nizar Mahlaoui, Chantal Andriamanga, Alain Fischer, and Olivier Hermine, French National Reference Center for Primary Immune Deficiency; Felipe Suarez, Nizar Mahlaoui, Jean-Philippe Jais, Alain Fischer, and Olivier Hermine, Imagine Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 1163, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes; Felipe Suarez and Olivier Hermine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Equipe de Recherche Labellisée 8254; Danielle Canioni, Nicole Brousse, and Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Université Paris Descartes; Catherine Dubois d'Enghien and Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Institut Curie; and Alain Fischer, Collège de France, Paris, France.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Biallelic mutations in ATM cause ataxia-telangiectasia (AT), a rare inherited disease with a high incidence of cancer. Precise estimates of the risk, presentation, and outcomes of cancer in patients with AT need to be addressed in large series. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this large retrospective cohort, 69 patients with cancers (24.5%) were identified among 279 patients with AT. Centralized review was performed on 60% of the lymphomas. Incidence rates were compared with the French population, and risk factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Eight patients developed acute leukemias (including four T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias), 12 developed Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 38 developed non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), three developed T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL), and eight developed carcinoma at a median age of 8.3, 10.6, 9.7, 24.2, and 31.4 years, respectively (P < .001). The majority of NHLs were aggressive B-cell NHL. Epstein-Barr virus was associated with all of the HLs and 50% of the NHLs. Overall survival was shorter in patients with AT who developed cancer compared with those who did not develop cancer (15 v 24 years, respectively; P < .001). Survival was improved in patients who achieved a major response to treatment (3.46 v 0.87 years for major v minor responses, respectively; P = .011). Immunodeficiency was associated with increased risk of cancer. ATM mutation type was associated with a difference in survival in the entire cohort but not with cancer incidence or cancer survival. CONCLUSION: B-cell NHL, HL, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia occur at a high rate and earlier age than carcinomas in AT. T-PLLs are rarer than initially reported. Prognosis is poor, but patients may benefit from treatment with an improved survival.
PURPOSE: Biallelic mutations in ATM cause ataxia-telangiectasia (AT), a rare inherited disease with a high incidence of cancer. Precise estimates of the risk, presentation, and outcomes of cancer in patients with AT need to be addressed in large series. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this large retrospective cohort, 69 patients with cancers (24.5%) were identified among 279 patients with AT. Centralized review was performed on 60% of the lymphomas. Incidence rates were compared with the French population, and risk factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Eight patients developed acute leukemias (including four T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias), 12 developed Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 38 developed non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), three developed T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL), and eight developed carcinoma at a median age of 8.3, 10.6, 9.7, 24.2, and 31.4 years, respectively (P < .001). The majority of NHLs were aggressive B-cell NHL. Epstein-Barr virus was associated with all of the HLs and 50% of the NHLs. Overall survival was shorter in patients with AT who developed cancer compared with those who did not develop cancer (15 v 24 years, respectively; P < .001). Survival was improved in patients who achieved a major response to treatment (3.46 v 0.87 years for major v minor responses, respectively; P = .011). Immunodeficiency was associated with increased risk of cancer. ATM mutation type was associated with a difference in survival in the entire cohort but not with cancer incidence or cancer survival. CONCLUSION: B-cell NHL, HL, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia occur at a high rate and earlier age than carcinomas in AT. T-PLLs are rarer than initially reported. Prognosis is poor, but patients may benefit from treatment with an improved survival.
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