Literature DB >> 25484762

Crystal structure of 3,13-dimethoxy-5,6,10,11-tetrahydrofuro[3,4-i][5]helicene-7,9-dione.

Thanasat Sooksimuang1, Siriporn Kamtonwong1, Waraporn Parnchan1, Laongdao Kangkaew1, Somboon Sahasithiwat1.   

Abstract

The title compound, C26H20O5, crystallizes with two independent molecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit, which differ primarily in the location of the -OCH3 groups. In the crystal, the mol-ecules form a layered structure parallel to (10-1) by C-H⋯O hydrogen-bonded networks. Adjacent layers are also linked by further C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional structure.

Entities:  

Keywords:  crystal structure; helicene; hydrogen bonds

Year:  2014        PMID: 25484762      PMCID: PMC4257283          DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814023137

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online        ISSN: 1600-5368


Chemical context

Helicenes are polycyclic aromatic hydro­carbons (PAHs) consisting of ortho-fused aromatic rings arranged in a helical chirality. Among various applications of helicenes (Shen & Chen, 2012 ▶; Gingras, 2013 ▶), the use of helicene derivatives as light emitters in organic light-emitting diodes has been reported (Sahasithiwat et al., 2010 ▶; Shi et al., 2012 ▶). The title compound is a derivative of penta­helicene in which two electron-donating groups, i.e. meth­oxy –OCH3, and an electron-withdrawing group, i.e. di­carb­oxy­lic anhydride –C(=O)OC(=O)–, are added onto the structure. The arrangement of electron donating and withdrawing groups are set into a Λ-shape with the electron-withdrawing group located in the middle, resulting in an effective push–pull system. Moreover, The two rings connected to the central benzene ring are non-aromatic and are in a twist conformation.

Structural commentary

The geometric parameters of the title mol­ecule agree well with those reported for similar structures (McIntosh et al., 1954 ▶; Wang et al., 1997 ▶; Stammel et al., 1999 ▶; Rajapakse et al., 2011 ▶). The asymmetric unit of the title compound contains two independent mol­ecules (A and B), as shown in Fig. 1 ▶. The title compound crystallizes as a racemate in the space group P . The enanti­omeric (P)-form is the mirror geometry of the (M)-form. The torsion angle along the inner helical rim of mol­ecule A [C15—C17—C19—C21, −20.3 (3)°] differs from that of mol­ecule B [C15B—C17B—C19B—C21B, 24.8 (3)°] primarily as a result of the differences in the location of their meth­oxy groups. Also, the torsion angles between a terminal ring and a meth­oxy group of mol­ecule A and B of the same form are significantly different, e.g. C24—O2—C12—C13 [−2.9 (4)°] vs C24B—O2B—C12B—C13B [−5.7 (4)] and C23—O1—C3—C2 [170.0 (2)] vs C23B—O1B—C3BC2B [−176.9 (3)]. Moreover, unlike in another 3,12-dimeth­oxy[5]helicene derivative (Sahasithiwat et al., 2014 ▶) where both meth­oxy groups are bent inward, one of meth­oxy groups of the title compound is bent outward. In mol­ecule A, this outward bending results from C23—H23A⋯O3B(x − 1, y − 1, z) hydrogen bonding, while in mol­ecule B, the bending is the result of steric hindrance between atoms C23B and C24B(−x + 1, −y + 1, −z) of paired mol­ecules (Fig. 2 ▶).
Figure 1

Mol­ecular structure of mol­ecules A and B of the title compound showing 50% probability displacement ellipsoids for non-H atoms.

Figure 2

Part of the crystal structure, projected along the a axis, depicting a layer consisting of B mol­ecules linked through hydrogen bonds (blue dashed lines) and connecting to A mol­ecules by further hydrogen bonds. The carbon atoms of mol­ecules A (green) and B (dark gray) are colored differently.

Supra­molecular features

In the crystal structure, C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions (Table 1 ▶) between B mol­ecules leads to a formation of a mol­ecule B layer (Fig. 2 ▶), while C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions involving A mol­ecules leads to the formation of a mol­ecule A layer (Fig. 3 ▶). The two layers are positioned alternately parallel to (10), as displayed in Fig. 4 ▶. Adjacent layers are connected by further C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional structure.
Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (, )

DHA DHHA D A DHA
C1H1O2i 0.932.583.304(3)135
C23H23AO3B ii 0.962.713.666(3)177
C6BH6DO3B iii 0.972.683.547(3)149
C10BH10CO5B iv 0.972.443.297(3)147
C13BH13BO5v 0.932.563.408(3)152
C24BH24DO1B v 0.962.743.491(4)136

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) ; (iv) ; (v) .

Figure 3

Part of the crystal structure, projected along the a axis, depicting a layer consisting of A mol­ecules linked through hydrogen bonds (blue dashed lines) and connecting to B mol­ecules by further hydrogen bonds. The carbon atoms of mol­ecules A (green) and B (dark gray) are colored differently.

Figure 4

Packing of the crystal structure, projected along the b axis, showing the layered structure. The carbon atoms of mol­ecule A (green) and B (dark gray) are colored differently.

Synthesis and crystallization

The diene 6,6′-dimeth­oxy-3,4,3′,4′-tetra­hydro­[1,1′]bi­naphthalenyl (48 g, 0.15 mol), maleic anhydride (75 g, 0.76 mol) and toluene (65 ml) were place in a 250 ml round-bottom flask and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature under an argon atmosphere for 5 days. The resulting mixture was poured into water (300 ml) with vigorous stirring. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 100 ml). The combined organic layer was dried with Na2SO4 and the organic solvents were removed to yield a Diels–Alder adduct. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, ethyl acetate–hexa­ne) to give the inter­mediate compound (31.67 g, 51%) as a yellow viscous liquid. The Diels–Alder adduct (31 g, 0.07 mol), 2,3-di­chloro-5,6-di­cyano-1,4-benzo­quinone (DDQ) (34 g, 0.15 mol) and xylene (500 ml) were mixed and refluxed for 8 h under an argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, filtered, and the solid was washed with di­chloro­methane (600 ml). The solvents were removed from the filtrate under reduce pressure to gain the crude product, which was further purified by column chromatography (silica gel, ethyl acetate–hexa­ne) to give the title compound (18.3g, 60%) as a yellow solid, which was characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. Crystals suitable for X-ray analysis were obtained by slow vapor diffusion of hexane into a solution of the title compound in chloro­form.

Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 2 ▶. All hydrogen atoms were placed in calculated positions and treated as riding atoms with C—H = 0.93–0.97 Å and with U iso = 1.5U eq(C) for methyl H atoms and 1.2U eq(C) for other H atoms.
Table 2

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC26H20O5
M r 412.42
Crystal system, space groupTriclinic, P
Temperature (K)296
a, b, c ()8.7570(9), 15.9008(16), 16.2987(16)
, , ()61.695(3), 84.535(3), 84.460(3)
V (3)1985.6(3)
Z 4
Radiation typeMo K
(mm1)0.10
Crystal size (mm)0.42 0.34 0.16
 
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker APEXII CCD
Absorption correctionMulti-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2012)
T min, T max 0.67, 0.75
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2(I)] reflections33986, 7072, 4457
R int 0.049
(sin /)max (1)0.597
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.049, 0.140, 1.02
No. of reflections7072
No. of parameters559
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
max, min (e 3)0.55, 0.29

Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008 ▶), SAINT (Bruker, 2013 ▶), SHELXS2013 and SHELXL2013 (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶), ORTEP-3 for Windows and WinGX (Farrugia, 2012 ▶), Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006 ▶) and publCIF (Westrip, 2010 ▶).

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I, New_Global_Publ_Block. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814023137/nr2055sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814023137/nr2055Isup2.hkl Click here for additional data file. Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814023137/nr2055Isup4.mol CCDC reference: 1030212 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
C26H20O5Z = 4
Mr = 412.42F(000) = 864
Triclinic, P1Dx = 1.380 Mg m3
a = 8.7570 (9) ÅMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
b = 15.9008 (16) ÅCell parameters from 5829 reflections
c = 16.2987 (16) Åθ = 2.3–21.3°
α = 61.695 (3)°µ = 0.10 mm1
β = 84.535 (3)°T = 296 K
γ = 84.460 (3)°Block, yellow
V = 1985.6 (3) Å30.42 × 0.34 × 0.16 mm
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer4457 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Radiation source: sealed tubeRint = 0.049
φ and ω scansθmax = 25.1°, θmin = 2.5°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2012)h = −10→10
Tmin = 0.67, Tmax = 0.75k = −18→18
33986 measured reflectionsl = −18→19
7072 independent reflections
Refinement on F20 restraints
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.049H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.140w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0675P)2 + 0.2937P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.02(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
7072 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.55 e Å3
559 parametersΔρmin = −0.29 e Å3
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
O10.2293 (2)−0.31891 (12)0.40355 (12)0.0598 (5)
O20.1461 (2)0.05931 (15)−0.14110 (13)0.0735 (6)
O30.4061 (2)0.25200 (12)0.37700 (13)0.0591 (5)
O40.2984 (2)0.36801 (12)0.24856 (13)0.0593 (5)
O50.1804 (3)0.45029 (13)0.11326 (14)0.0781 (6)
C10.1382 (3)−0.06644 (16)0.26419 (16)0.0426 (6)
H10.0655−0.02810.22170.051*
C20.1326 (3)−0.16423 (17)0.30604 (16)0.0467 (6)
H20.0559−0.19120.29210.056*
C30.2405 (3)−0.22305 (16)0.36894 (16)0.0446 (6)
C40.3497 (3)−0.18195 (16)0.39277 (15)0.0443 (6)
H40.4207−0.22080.43620.053*
C50.4635 (3)−0.03684 (16)0.38211 (16)0.0425 (6)
H5A0.5507−0.01600.33720.051*
H5B0.5012−0.08270.44230.051*
C60.3807 (3)0.04838 (16)0.38856 (15)0.0429 (6)
H6A0.30010.02630.43790.051*
H6B0.45260.08070.40420.051*
C70.2975 (2)0.21484 (16)0.26582 (15)0.0400 (5)
C80.2294 (3)0.27700 (16)0.18311 (16)0.0442 (6)
C90.1102 (3)0.31073 (17)0.03254 (17)0.0557 (7)
H9A0.18940.3356−0.01740.067*
H9B0.05420.36440.03680.067*
C100.0011 (3)0.25601 (18)0.01103 (18)0.0552 (7)
H10A−0.08230.23480.05870.066*
H10B−0.04250.2972−0.04870.066*
C110.0742 (3)0.14675 (18)−0.06160 (16)0.0517 (6)
H110.00090.1797−0.10550.062*
C120.1672 (3)0.07429 (18)−0.06706 (16)0.0499 (6)
C130.2755 (3)0.02482 (18)−0.00206 (16)0.0489 (6)
H130.3399−0.0233−0.00610.059*
C140.2879 (3)0.04721 (16)0.06923 (16)0.0439 (6)
H140.36130.01360.11290.053*
C150.2512 (2)−0.02339 (15)0.28425 (15)0.0375 (5)
C160.3536 (2)−0.08296 (16)0.35214 (15)0.0381 (5)
C170.2585 (2)0.08169 (15)0.24154 (15)0.0372 (5)
C180.3120 (2)0.11728 (16)0.29812 (15)0.0379 (5)
C190.2096 (2)0.14721 (16)0.15063 (15)0.0383 (5)
C200.1827 (3)0.24554 (16)0.12332 (15)0.0434 (6)
C210.1934 (2)0.11857 (16)0.07733 (15)0.0399 (5)
C220.0884 (3)0.17124 (16)0.00842 (15)0.0441 (6)
C230.3521 (3)−0.38130 (18)0.45629 (19)0.0671 (8)
H23A0.3298−0.44650.47700.101*
H23B0.3631−0.37200.50940.101*
H23C0.4459−0.36730.41790.101*
C240.2461 (4)−0.0086 (3)−0.1551 (2)0.0984 (12)
H24A0.2190−0.0113−0.20950.148*
H24B0.2371−0.0704−0.10160.148*
H24C0.35000.0098−0.16380.148*
C250.3434 (3)0.27254 (18)0.30762 (19)0.0476 (6)
C260.2271 (3)0.37458 (19)0.1722 (2)0.0552 (7)
O1B0.4341 (3)0.70645 (14)0.20432 (14)0.0874 (7)
O2B0.5797 (2)0.27135 (14)0.06882 (13)0.0675 (5)
O3B1.2533 (2)0.37305 (14)0.53046 (14)0.0757 (6)
O4B1.22652 (19)0.22009 (12)0.56595 (11)0.0583 (5)
O5B1.1588 (2)0.08717 (13)0.56674 (13)0.0664 (5)
C1B0.6213 (3)0.47154 (17)0.28976 (16)0.0464 (6)
H1B0.59270.40990.30860.056*
C2B0.5121 (3)0.54570 (18)0.26048 (17)0.0527 (7)
H2B0.41020.53450.25930.063*
C3B0.5538 (3)0.63758 (18)0.23254 (17)0.0559 (7)
C4B0.7039 (3)0.65447 (17)0.23540 (17)0.0556 (7)
H4B0.73090.71640.21660.067*
C5B0.9769 (3)0.59131 (17)0.27941 (19)0.0616 (7)
H5C0.98480.65390.27470.074*
H5D1.04510.58660.23110.074*
C6B1.0240 (3)0.51389 (16)0.37485 (18)0.0547 (7)
H6C1.13100.51870.38180.066*
H6D0.96270.52300.42310.066*
C7B1.0800 (3)0.33363 (16)0.44698 (15)0.0412 (6)
C8B1.0537 (2)0.24431 (16)0.45687 (15)0.0410 (6)
C9B0.9301 (3)0.13854 (16)0.40664 (17)0.0481 (6)
H9C0.94100.08870.47040.058*
H9D1.00550.12410.36680.058*
C10B0.7705 (3)0.14050 (15)0.37765 (16)0.0470 (6)
H10C0.75590.08060.37810.056*
H10D0.69480.14770.42170.056*
C11B0.6746 (3)0.21266 (17)0.21564 (17)0.0452 (6)
H11B0.63740.15410.23010.054*
C12B0.6552 (3)0.28971 (18)0.12756 (17)0.0466 (6)
C13B0.7156 (3)0.37574 (17)0.10419 (16)0.0485 (6)
H13B0.70630.42700.04470.058*
C14B0.7905 (3)0.38470 (16)0.17052 (16)0.0450 (6)
H14B0.83270.44240.15430.054*
C15B0.7752 (3)0.48667 (15)0.29184 (15)0.0413 (6)
C16B0.8150 (3)0.57949 (16)0.26625 (16)0.0484 (6)
C17B0.8906 (3)0.40605 (15)0.33414 (15)0.0394 (5)
C18B1.0014 (3)0.41609 (16)0.38601 (16)0.0415 (6)
C19B0.8840 (2)0.31768 (15)0.33252 (15)0.0371 (5)
C20B0.9591 (2)0.23375 (15)0.39936 (15)0.0391 (5)
C21B0.8044 (2)0.31013 (15)0.26054 (15)0.0370 (5)
C22B0.7482 (2)0.22162 (15)0.28218 (15)0.0383 (5)
C23B0.4664 (5)0.7987 (2)0.1717 (3)0.1213 (15)
H23D0.37330.83870.15480.182*
H23E0.53660.81750.11780.182*
H23F0.51230.80550.21920.182*
C24B0.5497 (4)0.3489 (2)−0.0203 (2)0.0901 (10)
H24D0.49580.3272−0.05470.135*
H24E0.64500.3737−0.05370.135*
H24F0.48790.3984−0.01290.135*
C25B1.1926 (3)0.3186 (2)0.51467 (18)0.0534 (7)
C26B1.1451 (3)0.17239 (19)0.53251 (17)0.0498 (6)
U11U22U33U12U13U23
O10.0713 (12)0.0406 (10)0.0656 (12)−0.0097 (9)−0.0121 (10)−0.0208 (9)
O20.0628 (12)0.1206 (17)0.0705 (12)0.0183 (11)−0.0239 (10)−0.0726 (13)
O30.0602 (11)0.0715 (13)0.0662 (12)−0.0122 (9)−0.0033 (10)−0.0477 (10)
O40.0737 (12)0.0499 (11)0.0646 (12)−0.0148 (9)0.0019 (10)−0.0343 (10)
O50.1114 (17)0.0406 (12)0.0715 (14)−0.0087 (11)−0.0069 (12)−0.0163 (11)
C10.0413 (13)0.0467 (15)0.0422 (14)−0.0038 (11)−0.0092 (11)−0.0215 (12)
C20.0435 (14)0.0499 (16)0.0515 (15)−0.0100 (11)−0.0077 (12)−0.0256 (13)
C30.0514 (15)0.0410 (14)0.0443 (14)−0.0099 (11)−0.0008 (12)−0.0214 (12)
C40.0509 (15)0.0418 (14)0.0398 (13)−0.0001 (11)−0.0115 (11)−0.0177 (12)
C50.0413 (13)0.0473 (14)0.0422 (13)−0.0033 (11)−0.0116 (11)−0.0219 (12)
C60.0473 (14)0.0490 (15)0.0392 (13)−0.0090 (11)−0.0072 (11)−0.0244 (12)
C70.0402 (13)0.0441 (14)0.0391 (13)−0.0093 (10)0.0029 (10)−0.0220 (12)
C80.0488 (14)0.0385 (14)0.0451 (15)−0.0076 (11)0.0059 (11)−0.0200 (12)
C90.0667 (18)0.0458 (15)0.0484 (15)0.0065 (13)−0.0072 (13)−0.0181 (13)
C100.0546 (16)0.0589 (17)0.0472 (15)0.0137 (13)−0.0142 (12)−0.0220 (13)
C110.0430 (14)0.0713 (18)0.0426 (14)0.0054 (13)−0.0138 (11)−0.0277 (14)
C120.0417 (14)0.0731 (18)0.0449 (14)−0.0003 (13)−0.0078 (12)−0.0356 (14)
C130.0468 (15)0.0594 (16)0.0494 (15)0.0053 (12)−0.0068 (12)−0.0336 (13)
C140.0400 (13)0.0516 (15)0.0429 (14)0.0037 (11)−0.0106 (11)−0.0242 (12)
C150.0391 (13)0.0423 (14)0.0349 (12)−0.0025 (10)−0.0059 (10)−0.0205 (11)
C160.0389 (13)0.0447 (14)0.0353 (13)−0.0045 (10)−0.0037 (10)−0.0217 (11)
C170.0331 (12)0.0415 (14)0.0401 (13)−0.0020 (10)−0.0021 (10)−0.0217 (11)
C180.0365 (12)0.0433 (14)0.0376 (13)−0.0053 (10)−0.0008 (10)−0.0216 (11)
C190.0349 (12)0.0445 (14)0.0365 (13)−0.0002 (10)−0.0048 (10)−0.0197 (11)
C200.0477 (14)0.0407 (14)0.0390 (13)−0.0011 (11)−0.0019 (11)−0.0169 (11)
C210.0405 (13)0.0451 (14)0.0346 (13)−0.0010 (11)−0.0052 (10)−0.0189 (11)
C220.0407 (13)0.0520 (15)0.0377 (13)0.0028 (11)−0.0064 (11)−0.0197 (12)
C230.088 (2)0.0438 (16)0.0642 (18)−0.0012 (15)−0.0185 (16)−0.0187 (14)
C240.068 (2)0.172 (4)0.115 (3)0.028 (2)−0.0244 (19)−0.119 (3)
C250.0458 (15)0.0491 (16)0.0543 (16)−0.0113 (12)0.0076 (13)−0.0299 (14)
C260.0631 (17)0.0448 (17)0.0548 (17)−0.0122 (13)0.0091 (14)−0.0216 (14)
O1B0.1200 (18)0.0543 (13)0.0742 (14)0.0350 (12)−0.0089 (13)−0.0255 (11)
O2B0.0745 (13)0.0880 (14)0.0598 (12)−0.0165 (10)−0.0110 (10)−0.0473 (11)
O3B0.0811 (14)0.0756 (14)0.0928 (15)0.0114 (11)−0.0425 (11)−0.0539 (12)
O4B0.0601 (11)0.0601 (12)0.0571 (11)0.0153 (9)−0.0247 (9)−0.0292 (10)
O5B0.0698 (13)0.0470 (12)0.0712 (13)0.0180 (9)−0.0205 (10)−0.0195 (10)
C1B0.0567 (16)0.0393 (14)0.0456 (14)0.0044 (12)−0.0124 (12)−0.0216 (12)
C2B0.0574 (16)0.0521 (17)0.0498 (15)0.0121 (13)−0.0127 (12)−0.0259 (13)
C3B0.077 (2)0.0448 (17)0.0423 (15)0.0233 (15)−0.0115 (14)−0.0209 (13)
C4B0.087 (2)0.0318 (14)0.0475 (15)0.0062 (14)−0.0147 (14)−0.0181 (12)
C5B0.085 (2)0.0359 (15)0.0640 (18)−0.0115 (13)−0.0187 (15)−0.0198 (13)
C6B0.0659 (17)0.0435 (15)0.0635 (17)0.0000 (12)−0.0224 (14)−0.0296 (14)
C7B0.0410 (13)0.0439 (14)0.0420 (13)0.0017 (11)−0.0055 (11)−0.0231 (12)
C8B0.0364 (13)0.0408 (14)0.0418 (13)0.0040 (10)−0.0039 (11)−0.0170 (11)
C9B0.0474 (15)0.0333 (13)0.0571 (16)−0.0012 (11)−0.0036 (12)−0.0159 (12)
C10B0.0506 (15)0.0328 (13)0.0555 (15)−0.0050 (11)−0.0046 (12)−0.0183 (12)
C11B0.0449 (14)0.0441 (15)0.0557 (16)−0.0093 (11)0.0047 (12)−0.0311 (13)
C12B0.0448 (14)0.0596 (17)0.0492 (15)−0.0032 (12)0.0000 (12)−0.0371 (14)
C13B0.0572 (16)0.0500 (16)0.0398 (14)−0.0022 (12)−0.0044 (12)−0.0221 (12)
C14B0.0573 (15)0.0356 (13)0.0432 (14)−0.0049 (11)−0.0048 (12)−0.0186 (12)
C15B0.0576 (15)0.0322 (13)0.0359 (13)0.0025 (11)−0.0117 (11)−0.0168 (11)
C16B0.0684 (17)0.0353 (14)0.0434 (14)−0.0009 (12)−0.0131 (12)−0.0187 (12)
C17B0.0476 (14)0.0344 (13)0.0363 (13)−0.0016 (10)−0.0049 (11)−0.0163 (11)
C18B0.0486 (14)0.0382 (14)0.0410 (13)−0.0008 (11)−0.0070 (11)−0.0208 (11)
C19B0.0391 (13)0.0315 (13)0.0400 (13)−0.0030 (10)−0.0033 (10)−0.0159 (11)
C20B0.0376 (13)0.0339 (13)0.0429 (13)−0.0004 (10)−0.0014 (10)−0.0162 (11)
C21B0.0413 (13)0.0318 (13)0.0397 (13)0.0002 (10)−0.0035 (10)−0.0186 (11)
C22B0.0366 (12)0.0343 (13)0.0456 (14)−0.0033 (10)0.0018 (10)−0.0206 (11)
C23B0.149 (4)0.066 (2)0.113 (3)0.026 (2)0.020 (3)−0.023 (2)
C24B0.098 (3)0.120 (3)0.065 (2)−0.009 (2)−0.0306 (18)−0.048 (2)
C25B0.0526 (16)0.0580 (18)0.0542 (16)0.0105 (13)−0.0146 (13)−0.0306 (15)
C26B0.0477 (15)0.0501 (17)0.0495 (15)0.0109 (13)−0.0086 (12)−0.0230 (14)
O1—C31.362 (3)O1B—C23B1.352 (4)
O1—C231.429 (3)O1B—C3B1.379 (3)
O2—C121.368 (3)O2B—C12B1.364 (3)
O2—C241.414 (3)O2B—C24B1.418 (3)
O3—C251.192 (3)O3B—C25B1.193 (3)
O4—C251.399 (3)O4B—C26B1.397 (3)
O4—C261.401 (3)O4B—C25B1.399 (3)
O5—C261.193 (3)O5B—C26B1.194 (3)
C1—C21.374 (3)C1B—C2B1.367 (3)
C1—C151.399 (3)C1B—C15B1.398 (3)
C1—H10.9300C1B—H1B0.9300
C2—C31.386 (3)C2B—C3B1.384 (3)
C2—H20.9300C2B—H2B0.9300
C3—C41.387 (3)C3B—C4B1.376 (4)
C4—C161.391 (3)C4B—C16B1.386 (3)
C4—H40.9300C4B—H4B0.9300
C5—C161.506 (3)C5B—C16B1.497 (3)
C5—C61.518 (3)C5B—C6B1.521 (3)
C5—H5A0.9700C5B—H5C0.9700
C5—H5B0.9700C5B—H5D0.9700
C6—C181.498 (3)C6B—C18B1.508 (3)
C6—H6A0.9700C6B—H6C0.9700
C6—H6B0.9700C6B—H6D0.9700
C7—C181.378 (3)C7B—C18B1.379 (3)
C7—C81.387 (3)C7B—C8B1.391 (3)
C7—C251.478 (3)C7B—C25B1.469 (3)
C8—C201.395 (3)C8B—C20B1.385 (3)
C8—C261.474 (3)C8B—C26B1.464 (3)
C9—C201.505 (3)C9B—C20B1.506 (3)
C9—C101.518 (4)C9B—C10B1.511 (3)
C9—H9A0.9700C9B—H9C0.9700
C9—H9B0.9700C9B—H9D0.9700
C10—C221.501 (3)C10B—C22B1.493 (3)
C10—H10A0.9700C10B—H10C0.9700
C10—H10B0.9700C10B—H10D0.9700
C11—C121.379 (3)C11B—C22B1.382 (3)
C11—C221.388 (3)C11B—C12B1.389 (3)
C11—H110.9300C11B—H11B0.9300
C12—C131.378 (3)C12B—C13B1.380 (3)
C13—C141.383 (3)C13B—C14B1.385 (3)
C13—H130.9300C13B—H13B0.9300
C14—C211.389 (3)C14B—C21B1.389 (3)
C14—H140.9300C14B—H14B0.9300
C15—C161.399 (3)C15B—C16B1.400 (3)
C15—C171.480 (3)C15B—C17B1.478 (3)
C17—C181.421 (3)C17B—C18B1.413 (3)
C17—C191.427 (3)C17B—C19B1.425 (3)
C19—C201.410 (3)C19B—C20B1.410 (3)
C19—C211.488 (3)C19B—C21B1.478 (3)
C21—C221.401 (3)C21B—C22B1.406 (3)
C23—H23A0.9600C23B—H23D0.9600
C23—H23B0.9600C23B—H23E0.9600
C23—H23C0.9600C23B—H23F0.9600
C24—H24A0.9600C24B—H24D0.9600
C24—H24B0.9600C24B—H24E0.9600
C24—H24C0.9600C24B—H24F0.9600
C3—O1—C23117.74 (19)C23B—O1B—C3B118.2 (3)
C12—O2—C24118.3 (2)C12B—O2B—C24B117.4 (2)
C25—O4—C26109.91 (19)C26B—O4B—C25B109.09 (18)
C2—C1—C15121.3 (2)C2B—C1B—C15B121.2 (2)
C2—C1—H1119.4C2B—C1B—H1B119.4
C15—C1—H1119.4C15B—C1B—H1B119.4
C1—C2—C3120.5 (2)C1B—C2B—C3B119.7 (3)
C1—C2—H2119.7C1B—C2B—H2B120.2
C3—C2—H2119.7C3B—C2B—H2B120.2
O1—C3—C2116.1 (2)C4B—C3B—O1B125.0 (3)
O1—C3—C4124.7 (2)C4B—C3B—C2B120.5 (2)
C2—C3—C4119.2 (2)O1B—C3B—C2B114.5 (3)
C3—C4—C16120.4 (2)C3B—C4B—C16B120.2 (2)
C3—C4—H4119.8C3B—C4B—H4B119.9
C16—C4—H4119.8C16B—C4B—H4B119.9
C16—C5—C6109.11 (18)C16B—C5B—C6B109.4 (2)
C16—C5—H5A109.9C16B—C5B—H5C109.8
C6—C5—H5A109.9C6B—C5B—H5C109.8
C16—C5—H5B109.9C16B—C5B—H5D109.8
C6—C5—H5B109.9C6B—C5B—H5D109.8
H5A—C5—H5B108.3H5C—C5B—H5D108.2
C18—C6—C5110.95 (18)C18B—C6B—C5B110.5 (2)
C18—C6—H6A109.4C18B—C6B—H6C109.6
C5—C6—H6A109.4C5B—C6B—H6C109.6
C18—C6—H6B109.4C18B—C6B—H6D109.6
C5—C6—H6B109.4C5B—C6B—H6D109.6
H6A—C6—H6B108.0H6C—C6B—H6D108.1
C18—C7—C8122.4 (2)C18B—C7B—C8B122.1 (2)
C18—C7—C25129.9 (2)C18B—C7B—C25B130.5 (2)
C8—C7—C25107.7 (2)C8B—C7B—C25B107.4 (2)
C7—C8—C20121.9 (2)C20B—C8B—C7B122.0 (2)
C7—C8—C26108.0 (2)C20B—C8B—C26B130.1 (2)
C20—C8—C26130.0 (2)C7B—C8B—C26B107.8 (2)
C20—C9—C10109.8 (2)C20B—C9B—C10B110.35 (18)
C20—C9—H9A109.7C20B—C9B—H9C109.6
C10—C9—H9A109.7C10B—C9B—H9C109.6
C20—C9—H9B109.7C20B—C9B—H9D109.6
C10—C9—H9B109.7C10B—C9B—H9D109.6
H9A—C9—H9B108.2H9C—C9B—H9D108.1
C22—C10—C9108.9 (2)C22B—C10B—C9B110.17 (19)
C22—C10—H10A109.9C22B—C10B—H10C109.6
C9—C10—H10A109.9C9B—C10B—H10C109.6
C22—C10—H10B109.9C22B—C10B—H10D109.6
C9—C10—H10B109.9C9B—C10B—H10D109.6
H10A—C10—H10B108.3H10C—C10B—H10D108.1
C12—C11—C22121.0 (2)C22B—C11B—C12B121.1 (2)
C12—C11—H11119.5C22B—C11B—H11B119.5
C22—C11—H11119.5C12B—C11B—H11B119.5
O2—C12—C13124.7 (2)O2B—C12B—C13B125.0 (2)
O2—C12—C11115.5 (2)O2B—C12B—C11B115.1 (2)
C13—C12—C11119.9 (2)C13B—C12B—C11B119.9 (2)
C12—C13—C14119.5 (2)C12B—C13B—C14B119.1 (2)
C12—C13—H13120.2C12B—C13B—H13B120.4
C14—C13—H13120.2C14B—C13B—H13B120.4
C13—C14—C21121.7 (2)C13B—C14B—C21B122.0 (2)
C13—C14—H14119.2C13B—C14B—H14B119.0
C21—C14—H14119.2C21B—C14B—H14B119.0
C16—C15—C1117.8 (2)C1B—C15B—C16B118.5 (2)
C16—C15—C17119.52 (19)C1B—C15B—C17B121.6 (2)
C1—C15—C17122.51 (19)C16B—C15B—C17B119.1 (2)
C4—C16—C15120.6 (2)C4B—C16B—C15B119.8 (2)
C4—C16—C5121.27 (19)C4B—C16B—C5B123.0 (2)
C15—C16—C5118.1 (2)C15B—C16B—C5B117.1 (2)
C18—C17—C19119.55 (19)C18B—C17B—C19B120.04 (19)
C18—C17—C15116.29 (18)C18B—C17B—C15B116.69 (19)
C19—C17—C15124.11 (19)C19B—C17B—C15B122.9 (2)
C7—C18—C17117.29 (19)C7B—C18B—C17B117.0 (2)
C7—C18—C6123.47 (19)C7B—C18B—C6B123.7 (2)
C17—C18—C6119.24 (19)C17B—C18B—C6B119.31 (19)
C20—C19—C17120.94 (19)C20B—C19B—C17B120.2 (2)
C20—C19—C21115.84 (19)C20B—C19B—C21B117.42 (19)
C17—C19—C21123.10 (19)C17B—C19B—C21B122.36 (19)
C8—C20—C19116.6 (2)C8B—C20B—C19B116.9 (2)
C8—C20—C9123.6 (2)C8B—C20B—C9B123.6 (2)
C19—C20—C9119.8 (2)C19B—C20B—C9B119.4 (2)
C14—C21—C22118.2 (2)C14B—C21B—C22B118.2 (2)
C14—C21—C19122.64 (19)C14B—C21B—C19B123.1 (2)
C22—C21—C19118.9 (2)C22B—C21B—C19B118.56 (19)
C11—C22—C21119.6 (2)C11B—C22B—C21B119.6 (2)
C11—C22—C10122.5 (2)C11B—C22B—C10B122.5 (2)
C21—C22—C10117.8 (2)C21B—C22B—C10B117.9 (2)
O1—C23—H23A109.5O1B—C23B—H23D109.5
O1—C23—H23B109.5O1B—C23B—H23E109.5
H23A—C23—H23B109.5H23D—C23B—H23E109.5
O1—C23—H23C109.5O1B—C23B—H23F109.5
H23A—C23—H23C109.5H23D—C23B—H23F109.5
H23B—C23—H23C109.5H23E—C23B—H23F109.5
O2—C24—H24A109.5O2B—C24B—H24D109.5
O2—C24—H24B109.5O2B—C24B—H24E109.5
H24A—C24—H24B109.5H24D—C24B—H24E109.5
O2—C24—H24C109.5O2B—C24B—H24F109.5
H24A—C24—H24C109.5H24D—C24B—H24F109.5
H24B—C24—H24C109.5H24E—C24B—H24F109.5
O3—C25—O4120.1 (2)O3B—C25B—O4B120.1 (2)
O3—C25—C7132.6 (2)O3B—C25B—C7B132.1 (2)
O4—C25—C7107.2 (2)O4B—C25B—C7B107.8 (2)
O5—C26—O4120.5 (2)O5B—C26B—O4B119.8 (2)
O5—C26—C8132.3 (3)O5B—C26B—C8B132.3 (2)
O4—C26—C8107.2 (2)O4B—C26B—C8B107.9 (2)
C15—C1—C2—C3−0.6 (3)C15B—C1B—C2B—C3B−0.2 (4)
C23—O1—C3—C2170.0 (2)C23B—O1B—C3B—C4B4.1 (4)
C23—O1—C3—C4−10.5 (3)C23B—O1B—C3B—C2B−176.9 (3)
C1—C2—C3—O1−177.3 (2)C1B—C2B—C3B—C4B−1.0 (4)
C1—C2—C3—C43.2 (3)C1B—C2B—C3B—O1B179.9 (2)
O1—C3—C4—C16178.8 (2)O1B—C3B—C4B—C16B179.1 (2)
C2—C3—C4—C16−1.8 (3)C2B—C3B—C4B—C16B0.1 (4)
C16—C5—C6—C18−55.7 (2)C16B—C5B—C6B—C18B55.4 (3)
C18—C7—C8—C20−5.4 (3)C18B—C7B—C8B—C20B6.9 (3)
C25—C7—C8—C20175.5 (2)C25B—C7B—C8B—C20B−176.3 (2)
C18—C7—C8—C26177.6 (2)C18B—C7B—C8B—C26B−174.9 (2)
C25—C7—C8—C26−1.5 (2)C25B—C7B—C8B—C26B1.8 (2)
C20—C9—C10—C22−57.2 (3)C20B—C9B—C10B—C22B55.0 (3)
C24—O2—C12—C13−2.9 (4)C24B—O2B—C12B—C13B−5.7 (4)
C24—O2—C12—C11175.0 (3)C24B—O2B—C12B—C11B176.7 (2)
C22—C11—C12—O2−177.7 (2)C22B—C11B—C12B—O2B−179.6 (2)
C22—C11—C12—C130.3 (4)C22B—C11B—C12B—C13B2.7 (3)
O2—C12—C13—C14179.0 (2)O2B—C12B—C13B—C14B−179.7 (2)
C11—C12—C13—C141.2 (4)C11B—C12B—C13B—C14B−2.2 (3)
C12—C13—C14—C210.1 (4)C12B—C13B—C14B—C21B−1.1 (3)
C2—C1—C15—C16−3.4 (3)C2B—C1B—C15B—C16B2.2 (3)
C2—C1—C15—C17−178.9 (2)C2B—C1B—C15B—C17B172.3 (2)
C3—C4—C16—C15−2.3 (3)C3B—C4B—C16B—C15B2.0 (4)
C3—C4—C16—C5175.5 (2)C3B—C4B—C16B—C5B−174.2 (2)
C1—C15—C16—C44.8 (3)C1B—C15B—C16B—C4B−3.1 (3)
C17—C15—C16—C4−179.51 (19)C17B—C15B—C16B—C4B−173.4 (2)
C1—C15—C16—C5−173.1 (2)C1B—C15B—C16B—C5B173.4 (2)
C17—C15—C16—C52.6 (3)C17B—C15B—C16B—C5B3.0 (3)
C6—C5—C16—C4−138.3 (2)C6B—C5B—C16B—C4B131.1 (2)
C6—C5—C16—C1539.5 (3)C6B—C5B—C16B—C15B−45.2 (3)
C16—C15—C17—C18−29.0 (3)C1B—C15B—C17B—C18B−140.7 (2)
C1—C15—C17—C18146.5 (2)C16B—C15B—C17B—C18B29.3 (3)
C16—C15—C17—C19153.7 (2)C1B—C15B—C17B—C19B32.6 (3)
C1—C15—C17—C19−30.8 (3)C16B—C15B—C17B—C19B−157.3 (2)
C8—C7—C18—C172.0 (3)C8B—C7B—C18B—C17B0.7 (3)
C25—C7—C18—C17−179.2 (2)C25B—C7B—C18B—C17B−175.2 (2)
C8—C7—C18—C6−178.1 (2)C8B—C7B—C18B—C6B178.5 (2)
C25—C7—C18—C60.7 (4)C25B—C7B—C18B—C6B2.6 (4)
C19—C17—C18—C77.2 (3)C19B—C17B—C18B—C7B−11.8 (3)
C15—C17—C18—C7−170.15 (19)C15B—C17B—C18B—C7B161.8 (2)
C19—C17—C18—C6−172.72 (19)C19B—C17B—C18B—C6B170.2 (2)
C15—C17—C18—C69.9 (3)C15B—C17B—C18B—C6B−16.2 (3)
C5—C6—C18—C7−147.6 (2)C5B—C6B—C18B—C7B156.3 (2)
C5—C6—C18—C1732.4 (3)C5B—C6B—C18B—C17B−25.9 (3)
C18—C17—C19—C20−13.5 (3)C18B—C17B—C19B—C20B15.9 (3)
C15—C17—C19—C20163.7 (2)C15B—C17B—C19B—C20B−157.3 (2)
C18—C17—C19—C21162.52 (19)C18B—C17B—C19B—C21B−162.1 (2)
C15—C17—C19—C21−20.3 (3)C15B—C17B—C19B—C21B24.8 (3)
C7—C8—C20—C19−0.6 (3)C7B—C8B—C20B—C19B−2.9 (3)
C26—C8—C20—C19175.6 (2)C26B—C8B—C20B—C19B179.4 (2)
C7—C8—C20—C9−179.3 (2)C7B—C8B—C20B—C9B178.8 (2)
C26—C8—C20—C9−3.0 (4)C26B—C8B—C20B—C9B1.1 (4)
C17—C19—C20—C89.9 (3)C17B—C19B—C20B—C8B−8.3 (3)
C21—C19—C20—C8−166.4 (2)C21B—C19B—C20B—C8B169.83 (19)
C17—C19—C20—C9−171.4 (2)C17B—C19B—C20B—C9B170.1 (2)
C21—C19—C20—C912.3 (3)C21B—C19B—C20B—C9B−11.8 (3)
C10—C9—C20—C8−150.1 (2)C10B—C9B—C20B—C8B149.0 (2)
C10—C9—C20—C1931.3 (3)C10B—C9B—C20B—C19B−29.3 (3)
C13—C14—C21—C22−2.9 (3)C13B—C14B—C21B—C22B3.8 (3)
C13—C14—C21—C19−176.9 (2)C13B—C14B—C21B—C19B179.8 (2)
C20—C19—C21—C14143.3 (2)C20B—C19B—C21B—C14B−148.4 (2)
C17—C19—C21—C14−32.9 (3)C17B—C19B—C21B—C14B29.6 (3)
C20—C19—C21—C22−30.7 (3)C20B—C19B—C21B—C22B27.5 (3)
C17—C19—C21—C22153.1 (2)C17B—C19B—C21B—C22B−154.4 (2)
C12—C11—C22—C21−3.2 (4)C12B—C11B—C22B—C21B0.1 (3)
C12—C11—C22—C10173.5 (2)C12B—C11B—C22B—C10B179.7 (2)
C14—C21—C22—C114.4 (3)C14B—C21B—C22B—C11B−3.3 (3)
C19—C21—C22—C11178.6 (2)C19B—C21B—C22B—C11B−179.41 (19)
C14—C21—C22—C10−172.5 (2)C14B—C21B—C22B—C10B177.1 (2)
C19—C21—C22—C101.8 (3)C19B—C21B—C22B—C10B0.9 (3)
C9—C10—C22—C11−134.6 (2)C9B—C10B—C22B—C11B138.1 (2)
C9—C10—C22—C2142.2 (3)C9B—C10B—C22B—C21B−42.3 (3)
C26—O4—C25—O3−179.8 (2)C26B—O4B—C25B—O3B−178.2 (2)
C26—O4—C25—C70.0 (2)C26B—O4B—C25B—C7B1.8 (3)
C18—C7—C25—O31.8 (4)C18B—C7B—C25B—O3B−5.9 (5)
C8—C7—C25—O3−179.3 (3)C8B—C7B—C25B—O3B177.7 (3)
C18—C7—C25—O4−178.0 (2)C18B—C7B—C25B—O4B174.2 (2)
C8—C7—C25—O40.9 (2)C8B—C7B—C25B—O4B−2.2 (3)
C25—O4—C26—O5−179.9 (2)C25B—O4B—C26B—O5B179.5 (2)
C25—O4—C26—C8−0.9 (2)C25B—O4B—C26B—C8B−0.7 (3)
C7—C8—C26—O5−179.7 (3)C20B—C8B—C26B—O5B−3.1 (5)
C20—C8—C26—O53.6 (5)C7B—C8B—C26B—O5B179.0 (3)
C7—C8—C26—O41.5 (3)C20B—C8B—C26B—O4B177.2 (2)
C20—C8—C26—O4−175.2 (2)C7B—C8B—C26B—O4B−0.8 (3)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C1—H1···O2i0.932.583.304 (3)135
C23—H23A···O3Bii0.962.713.666 (3)177
C6B—H6D···O3Biii0.972.683.547 (3)149
C10B—H10C···O5Biv0.972.443.297 (3)147
C13B—H13B···O5v0.932.563.408 (3)152
C24B—H24D···O1Bv0.962.743.491 (4)136
  6 in total

1.  Helicenes: synthesis and applications.

Authors:  Yun Shen; Chuan-Feng Chen
Journal:  Chem Rev       Date:  2011-10-24       Impact factor: 60.622

2.  Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Azoxydichinyl Helicene, Pyrido[3,2-f]quinolino[6,5-c]cinnoline 5-Oxide Monohydrate.

Authors:  Anuruddha Rajapakse; Charles L Barnes; Kent S Gates
Journal:  J Chem Crystallogr       Date:  2011-11       Impact factor: 0.603

3.  Synthesis, structure, properties, and application of a carbazole-based diaza[7]helicene in a deep-blue-emitting OLED.

Authors:  Longqiang Shi; Zhi Liu; Guifang Dong; Lian Duan; Yong Qiu; Jiong Jia; Wei Guo; Dan Zhao; Deliang Cui; Xutang Tao
Journal:  Chemistry       Date:  2012-05-16       Impact factor: 5.236

4.  A short history of SHELX.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  2007-12-21       Impact factor: 2.290

5.  One hundred years of helicene chemistry. Part 3: applications and properties of carbohelicenes.

Authors:  Marc Gingras
Journal:  Chem Soc Rev       Date:  2013-02-07       Impact factor: 54.564

6.  3,12-Dimeth-oxy-5,6,9,10-tetra-hydro-[5]helicene-7,8-dicarbo-nitrile.

Authors:  Somboon Sahasithiwat; Thanasat Sooksimuang; Siriporn Kamtonwong; Waraporn Parnchan; Laongdao Kangkaew
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2014-07-02
  6 in total

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