Philip E Benson1, Thaer Da'as2, Ama Johal3, Nicky A Mandall4, Alison C Williams5, Sarah R Baker6, Zoe Marshman7. 1. *Orthodontics, Academic Unit of Oral Health and Development, School of Clinical Dentistry, Sheffield, UK, p.benson@sheffield.ac.uk. 2. King Abdulaziz National Guard Hospital, Alhasa, Saudi Arabia. 3. Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London. 4. Tameside General Hospital, Lancashire. 5. Bromley and Wimbledon, London. 6. Psychology in Relation to Dentistry and. 7. Dental Public Health, Academic Unit of Dental Public Health, School of Clinical Dentistry, Sheffield, UK.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationships between dental appearance, characteristics of the individual and their environment, and oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) in young people over time. METHODS: A total of 374 young people (122 boys, 252 girls) aged 11-12 years from seven different XX schools were recruited at baseline and 258 (78 boys, 180 girls) followed-up 3 years later, aged 14-15 years (69 per cent response rate). Participants completed a measure of OHQoL (CPQ11-14 ISF-16) and self-esteem (SE, CHQ-CF87). A clinical examination was undertaken, including clinician and self-assessed normative measures of need [Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN)] and dental caries. The Index of Multiple Deprivation was used to indicate socio-economic status (SES). RESULTS: There was a general improvement between baseline and follow-up in the measures of malocclusion, as well as OHQoL. Multiple linear regression indicated that there were significant cross-sectional associations at baseline between OHQoL and SES (rho = -0.11; P = 0.006), SE (rho = -0.50; P < 0.001), and self-assessed IOTN (rho = 0.27; P < 0.001). There were significant longitudinal associations between the change in OHQoL and change in SE (rho = -0.46; P < 0.001) and change in the decayed, missing, or filled surfaces (rho = -0.24; P = 0.001). The mean improvement in the total CPQ11-14 ISF-16 score for those with a history of orthodontic treatment was 3.2 (SD = 6.9; P = 0.009) and 2.4 (SD = 8.8; P < 0.001) for those with no history of treatment. The difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.584). CONCLUSIONS: OHQoL improved in young people over time, whether they gave a history of orthodontic treatment or not. Individual and environmental characteristics influence OHQoL and should be taken into account in future studies.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationships between dental appearance, characteristics of the individual and their environment, and oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) in young people over time. METHODS: A total of 374 young people (122 boys, 252 girls) aged 11-12 years from seven different XX schools were recruited at baseline and 258 (78 boys, 180 girls) followed-up 3 years later, aged 14-15 years (69 per cent response rate). Participants completed a measure of OHQoL (CPQ11-14 ISF-16) and self-esteem (SE, CHQ-CF87). A clinical examination was undertaken, including clinician and self-assessed normative measures of need [Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN)] and dental caries. The Index of Multiple Deprivation was used to indicate socio-economic status (SES). RESULTS: There was a general improvement between baseline and follow-up in the measures of malocclusion, as well as OHQoL. Multiple linear regression indicated that there were significant cross-sectional associations at baseline between OHQoL and SES (rho = -0.11; P = 0.006), SE (rho = -0.50; P < 0.001), and self-assessed IOTN (rho = 0.27; P < 0.001). There were significant longitudinal associations between the change in OHQoL and change in SE (rho = -0.46; P < 0.001) and change in the decayed, missing, or filled surfaces (rho = -0.24; P = 0.001). The mean improvement in the total CPQ11-14 ISF-16 score for those with a history of orthodontic treatment was 3.2 (SD = 6.9; P = 0.009) and 2.4 (SD = 8.8; P < 0.001) for those with no history of treatment. The difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.584). CONCLUSIONS:OHQoL improved in young people over time, whether they gave a history of orthodontic treatment or not. Individual and environmental characteristics influence OHQoL and should be taken into account in future studies.