Ramy F Youssef1, Payal Kapur2, Ahmed Mosbah3, Hassan Abol-Enein3, Mohamed Ghoneim3, Yair Lotan4. 1. Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, CA; Department of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. Electronic address: ryaacoub@uci.edu. 2. Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX. 3. Department of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. 4. Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern medical center, Dallas, TX.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the association of fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) expression with pathologic features and clinical outcomes of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the urinary bladder. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry of FGF2 was performed on radical cystectomy specimens with pure SCC from 1997 to 2003. The relationship between FGF2 and pathologic parameters and oncological outcome was assessed. RESULTS: The study included 151 patients with SCC (98 men) with a median age of 52 years (range: 36-74 y). Schistosomal infection was found in 81% of patients. Pathologic category was T2 and T3 in 88% of patients and the grade was low in>50%. Lymph node invasion and lymphovascular invasion were found in 30.5% and 16%. Altered FGF2 was associated with tumor grade (P = 0.014), lymph node invasion, and lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.042). Altered FGF2 was associated with both disease recurrence and cancer-specific mortality (P≤0.001) in Kaplan-Meier analyses and was an independent predictor of cancer recurrence (hazard ratio = 2.561, P = 0. 009) and cancer-specific mortality (hazard ratio = 2.679, P = 0. 033) in multivariate Cox regression analyses. Adding FGF2 to a model including standard clinicopathologic prognostics (pathologic T category, lymph node status, and grade) showed a significant improvement (6%) in accuracy of prediction poor oncological outcome. CONCLUSIONS: FGF2 overexpression is associated with aggressive pathologic features and worse outcomes after radical cystectomy for SCC, suggesting a good prognostic and possible therapeutic role.
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the association of fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) expression with pathologic features and clinical outcomes of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the urinary bladder. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry of FGF2 was performed on radical cystectomy specimens with pure SCC from 1997 to 2003. The relationship between FGF2 and pathologic parameters and oncological outcome was assessed. RESULTS: The study included 151 patients with SCC (98 men) with a median age of 52 years (range: 36-74 y). Schistosomal infection was found in 81% of patients. Pathologic category was T2 and T3 in 88% of patients and the grade was low in>50%. Lymph node invasion and lymphovascular invasion were found in 30.5% and 16%. Altered FGF2 was associated with tumor grade (P = 0.014), lymph node invasion, and lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.042). Altered FGF2 was associated with both disease recurrence and cancer-specific mortality (P≤0.001) in Kaplan-Meier analyses and was an independent predictor of cancer recurrence (hazard ratio = 2.561, P = 0. 009) and cancer-specific mortality (hazard ratio = 2.679, P = 0. 033) in multivariate Cox regression analyses. Adding FGF2 to a model including standard clinicopathologic prognostics (pathologic T category, lymph node status, and grade) showed a significant improvement (6%) in accuracy of prediction poor oncological outcome. CONCLUSIONS:FGF2 overexpression is associated with aggressive pathologic features and worse outcomes after radical cystectomy for SCC, suggesting a good prognostic and possible therapeutic role.
Authors: Philipp H Baldia; Angela Maurer; Timon Heide; Michael Rose; Robert Stoehr; Arndt Hartmann; Sarah V Williams; Margaret A Knowles; Ruth Knuechel; Nadine T Gaisa Journal: Oncotarget Date: 2016-11-01