Nanocarriers of nanotechnology in retinal diseases.

We are approaching a new era of retinal pharmacotherapy where new drugs are rapidly being worked out for the treatment of posterior-segment disease. Recent development in ocular drug delivery systems research has provided new insights into drug development, and the use of nanoparticles for drug delivery is thus a promising excellent approach for advanced therapy of ocular diseases. The primary goal is to develop a variety of drug delivery systems to complement and further enhance the efficacy of the available new medications. The ideal sustained release technology will provide a high level of safety with continuous release over an extended period of time while maintaining almost total drug bioactivity. The use of nanocarriers, such as cyclodextrin nanoparticle suspension, liposomes, nanospheres and, nanoemulsions for gene therapy of retinal diseases has been highlighted in this review.