Dana Lee Olstad1, Kelly Poirier2, Patti-Jean Naylor3, Cindy Shearer2, Sara F L Kirk2. 1. 1Centre for Health Promotion Studies,University of Alberta,Edmonton,Alberta,Canada. 2. 2Atlantic Health Promotion Research Centre,Dalhousie University,PO Box 15000,Halifax,Nova Scotia B3H 4R2,Canada. 3. 3School of Exercise Science,Physical and Health Education,Victoria,British Columbia,Canada.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess agreement among three nutrient profiling systems used to evaluate the healthfulness of vending machine products in recreation and sport settings in three Canadian provinces. We also assessed whether the nutritional profile of vending machine items in recreation and sport facilities that were adhering to nutrition guidelines (implementers) was superior to that of facilities that were not (non-implementers). DESIGN: Trained research assistants audited the contents of vending machines. Three provincial nutrient profiling systems were used to classify items into each province's most, moderately and least healthy categories. Agreement among systems was assessed using weighted κ statistics. ANOVA assessed whether the average nutritional profile of vending machine items differed according to province and guideline implementation status. SETTING: Eighteen recreation and sport facilities in three Canadian provinces. One-half of facilities were implementing nutrition guidelines. SUBJECTS: Snacks (n 531) and beverages (n 618) within thirty-six vending machines were audited. RESULTS: Overall, the systems agreed that the majority of items belonged within their respective least healthy categories (66-69 %) and that few belonged within their most healthy categories (14-22 %). Agreement among profiling systems was moderate to good, with κ w values ranging from 0·49 to 0·69. Implementers offered fewer of the least healthy items (P<0·05) and these items had a better nutritional profile compared with items in non-implementing facilities. CONCLUSIONS: The policy outcomes of the three systems are likely to be similar, suggesting there may be scope to harmonize nutrient profiling systems at a national level to avoid unnecessary duplication and support food reformulation by industry.
OBJECTIVE: To assess agreement among three nutrient profiling systems used to evaluate the healthfulness of vending machine products in recreation and sport settings in three Canadian provinces. We also assessed whether the nutritional profile of vending machine items in recreation and sport facilities that were adhering to nutrition guidelines (implementers) was superior to that of facilities that were not (non-implementers). DESIGN: Trained research assistants audited the contents of vending machines. Three provincial nutrient profiling systems were used to classify items into each province's most, moderately and least healthy categories. Agreement among systems was assessed using weighted κ statistics. ANOVA assessed whether the average nutritional profile of vending machine items differed according to province and guideline implementation status. SETTING: Eighteen recreation and sport facilities in three Canadian provinces. One-half of facilities were implementing nutrition guidelines. SUBJECTS: Snacks (n 531) and beverages (n 618) within thirty-six vending machines were audited. RESULTS: Overall, the systems agreed that the majority of items belonged within their respective least healthy categories (66-69 %) and that few belonged within their most healthy categories (14-22 %). Agreement among profiling systems was moderate to good, with κ w values ranging from 0·49 to 0·69. Implementers offered fewer of the least healthy items (P<0·05) and these items had a better nutritional profile compared with items in non-implementing facilities. CONCLUSIONS: The policy outcomes of the three systems are likely to be similar, suggesting there may be scope to harmonize nutrient profiling systems at a national level to avoid unnecessary duplication and support food reformulation by industry.
Authors: Venkata Sukumar Gurugubelli; Hua Fang; James M Shikany; Salvador V Balkus; Joshua Rumbut; Hieu Ngo; Honggang Wang; Jeroan J Allison; Lyn M Steffen Journal: Smart Health (Amst) Date: 2022-01-13
Authors: Erica Reeve; Anne Marie Thow; Colin Bell; Katrin Engelhardt; Ella Cecilia Gamolo-Naliponguit; John Juliard Go; Gary Sacks Journal: Global Health Date: 2018-01-23 Impact factor: 4.185
Authors: Rachel J L Prowse; Patti-Jean Naylor; Dana Lee Olstad; Valerie Carson; Louise C Mâsse; Kate Storey; Sara F L Kirk; Kim D Raine Journal: Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Date: 2018-05-31 Impact factor: 6.457
Authors: Cassandra Lane; Patti-Jean Naylor; Dona Tomlin; Sara Kirk; Rhona Hanning; Louise Masse; Dana Lee Olstad; Rachel Prowse; Susan Caswell; Sherry Jarvis; Todd Milford; Kim Raine Journal: Prev Med Rep Date: 2019-08-07
Authors: Rachel Prowse; Kate Storey; Dana Lee Olstad; Valerie Carson; Kim D Raine Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-02-23 Impact factor: 3.390