Kentaro Shimizu1, Hiroshi Ogura2, Takashi Asahara3, Koji Nomoto3, Asako Matsushima4, Koichi Hayakawa5, Hitoshi Ikegawa2, Osamu Tasaki6, Yasuyuki Kuwagata5, Takeshi Shimazu2. 1. Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: shimiken@hp-emerg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp. 2. Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. 3. Yakult Central Institute, Tokyo, Japan. 4. Critical Care & Trauma Center, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan. 5. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata-City, Osaka, Japan. 6. Nagasaki University Hospital Emergency Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The gut is an important target organ after severe insult. Gut microbiota have an important role in immune response. However, the gut microbiota and environment have not been clarified in patients with burns. Therefore, we serially evaluated the gut microbiota and environment in patients with major burns. METHODS: Fecal samples from five patients with major burns were measured for quantitative evaluation of the gut microbiota. RESULTS: In the four survivors of major burns, the numbers of beneficial bacteria, especially those of total obligate anaerobes and Bifidobacterium, initially decreased, but then increased as the condition of the survivors improved. By contrast, the numbers severely decreased in the non-survivor as gut failure and sepsis progressed. The number of pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Candida did not continue to increase in the survivors, whereas in the non-survivor the number increased and continued to higher counts. Short-chain fatty acids such as propionic and butyric acids decreased to lower-than-normal levels but tended to increase after recovery in the survivors. The levels remained below normal in the non-survivor. CONCLUSIONS: The gut microbiota and environment are severely altered in patients with major burns. Consequently, abnormal gut conditions may have an influence on the systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. A novel treatment to maintain the gut microbiota and environment is expected in the future.
INTRODUCTION: The gut is an important target organ after severe insult. Gut microbiota have an important role in immune response. However, the gut microbiota and environment have not been clarified in patients with burns. Therefore, we serially evaluated the gut microbiota and environment in patients with major burns. METHODS: Fecal samples from five patients with major burns were measured for quantitative evaluation of the gut microbiota. RESULTS: In the four survivors of major burns, the numbers of beneficial bacteria, especially those of total obligate anaerobes and Bifidobacterium, initially decreased, but then increased as the condition of the survivors improved. By contrast, the numbers severely decreased in the non-survivor as gut failure and sepsis progressed. The number of pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Candida did not continue to increase in the survivors, whereas in the non-survivor the number increased and continued to higher counts. Short-chain fatty acids such as propionic and butyric acids decreased to lower-than-normal levels but tended to increase after recovery in the survivors. The levels remained below normal in the non-survivor. CONCLUSIONS: The gut microbiota and environment are severely altered in patients with major burns. Consequently, abnormal gut conditions may have an influence on the systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. A novel treatment to maintain the gut microbiota and environment is expected in the future.
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