Meghan E Morean1, Grace Kong2, Deepa R Camenga3, Dana A Cavallo2, Kathleen M Carroll4, Brian Pittman2, Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin2. 1. Department of Psychology, Oberlin College, 120 West Lorain Street, Oberlin, OH 44074, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, United States. Electronic address: meghan.morean@gmail.com. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, United States. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, 1 Long Wharf, New Haven, CT 06519, United States. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 950 Campbell Avenue, MIRECC 151D, West Haven, CT 06516, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Impulsive adolescents have difficulty quitting smoking. We examined if treatments that provide behavioral incentives for abstinence improve treatment outcomes among impulsive adolescent smokers, who have been shown to be highly sensitive to reward. METHODS: We ran secondary data analyses on 64 teen smokers (mean age=16.36 [1.44]; cigarettes/day=13.97 [6.61]; 53.1% female; 90.6% Caucasian) who completed a four-week smoking cessation trial to determine whether impulsive adolescents differentially benefit from receiving cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), contingency management (CM), or the combination of the two (CM/CBT). Indices of treatment efficacy included self-report percent days abstinent and end of treatment biochemically-confirmed 7-day point prevalence abstinence (EOT abstinence). We assessed self-reported impulsivity using the Brief Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. We used univariate Generalized Linear Modeling to examine main effects and interactions of impulsivity and treatment condition as predictors of self-reported abstinence, and exact logistic regression to examine EOT abstinence. RESULTS: CM/CBT and CM were comparably effective in promoting abstinence, so analyses were conducted comparing the efficacy of CBT to treatments with a CM component (i.e., CM and CM/CBT). CBT and deficient self-regulation predicted lower self-reported abstinence rates within the total analytic sample. Treatments containing CM were more effective than CBT in predicting 1) self-reported abstinence among behaviorally impulsive adolescents (% days abstinent: CM 77%; CM/CBT 81%; CBT 30%) and 2) EOT point prevalence abstinence among behaviorally impulsive adolescents and adolescents with significant deficits in self-regulation. CONCLUSION: CM-based interventions may improve the low smoking cessation rates previously observed among impulsive adolescent smokers.
BACKGROUND: Impulsive adolescents have difficulty quitting smoking. We examined if treatments that provide behavioral incentives for abstinence improve treatment outcomes among impulsive adolescent smokers, who have been shown to be highly sensitive to reward. METHODS: We ran secondary data analyses on 64 teen smokers (mean age=16.36 [1.44]; cigarettes/day=13.97 [6.61]; 53.1% female; 90.6% Caucasian) who completed a four-week smoking cessation trial to determine whether impulsive adolescents differentially benefit from receiving cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), contingency management (CM), or the combination of the two (CM/CBT). Indices of treatment efficacy included self-report percent days abstinent and end of treatment biochemically-confirmed 7-day point prevalence abstinence (EOT abstinence). We assessed self-reported impulsivity using the Brief Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. We used univariate Generalized Linear Modeling to examine main effects and interactions of impulsivity and treatment condition as predictors of self-reported abstinence, and exact logistic regression to examine EOT abstinence. RESULTS: CM/CBT and CM were comparably effective in promoting abstinence, so analyses were conducted comparing the efficacy of CBT to treatments with a CM component (i.e., CM and CM/CBT). CBT and deficient self-regulation predicted lower self-reported abstinence rates within the total analytic sample. Treatments containing CM were more effective than CBT in predicting 1) self-reported abstinence among behaviorally impulsive adolescents (% days abstinent: CM 77%; CM/CBT 81%; CBT 30%) and 2) EOT point prevalence abstinence among behaviorally impulsive adolescents and adolescents with significant deficits in self-regulation. CONCLUSION: CM-based interventions may improve the low smoking cessation rates previously observed among impulsive adolescent smokers.
Authors: Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin; Brady Reynolds; Amy M Duhig; Anne Smith; Thomas Liss; Amanda McFetridge; Dana A Cavallo; Kathleen M Carroll; Marc N Potenza Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2006-10-17 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin; Amy M Duhig; Sherry A McKee; Thomas J McMahon; Thomas Liss; Amanda McFetridge; Dana A Cavallo Journal: Exp Clin Psychopharmacol Date: 2006-08 Impact factor: 3.157
Authors: Meghan E Morean; Kelly S DeMartini; Robert F Leeman; Godfrey D Pearlson; Alan Anticevic; Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin; John H Krystal; Stephanie S O'Malley Journal: Psychol Assess Date: 2014-06-02
Authors: Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin; Dana A Cavallo; Judith L Cooney; Ty S Schepis; Grace Kong; Thomas B Liss; Amanda K Liss; Thomas J McMahon; Charla Nich; Theresa Babuscio; Bruce J Rounsaville; Kathleen M Carroll Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2013-03-22 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Sarah W Yip; Iris M Balodis; Kathleen M Carroll; Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin; Marc N Potenza Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2016-08-21 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Krysten W Bold; Meghan E Morean; Grace Kong; Patricia Simon; Deepa R Camenga; Dana A Cavallo; Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2017-10-13 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Karolina Kozak; Aliya M Lucatch; Darby J E Lowe; Iris M Balodis; James MacKillop; Tony P George Journal: Ann N Y Acad Sci Date: 2018-10-05 Impact factor: 5.691