Jessie A Gleason1, Gloria B Post2, Jerald A Fagliano3. 1. Environmental and Occupational Health Surveillance Program, New Jersey Department of Health, 135 East State Street, P.O. Box 369, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. Electronic address: jessie.gleason@doh.state.nj.us. 2. Office of Science, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 428 East State Street, Trenton, NJ 08609 USA. Electronic address: gloria.post@dep.nj.gov. 3. Environmental and Occupational Health Surveillance Program, New Jersey Department of Health, 135 East State Street, P.O. Box 369, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. Electronic address: jerald.fagliano@doh.state.nj.us.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) are a group of manmade compounds that are not broken down in the body. Four PFCs (PFHxS, PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA) have been found in the blood of more than 98% of the United States population. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to assess associations between PFHxS, PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA and uric acid, alanine transferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), asparate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphate (ALP), and total bilirubin in 2007-2008 and 2009-2010 combined National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS: We used multivariate linear regression and logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity and BMI group, poverty, smoking, and/or alcohol consumption to estimate associations. Trend analysis was performed. RESULTS: PFHxS was associated with ALT. Each quartile of PFOS was statistically associated with total bilirubin [(Q2: OR=1.44, 95% CI 1.12-1.84), (Q3: OR=1.65, 95% CI 1.25-2.18), and (Q4: OR=1.51, 95% CI 1.06-2.15)], with evidence of an increasing trend (p-value=0.028). PFOA was associated with uric acid, ALT, GGT, and total bilirubin. PFNA was linearly associated with ALT (p-value <0.001), and there was statistically significant increasing trend (p-value=0.042). CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis found evidence of associations of biomarkers of liver function and uric acid with PFHxS, PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA at levels found in the general U.S. population.
BACKGROUND: Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) are a group of manmade compounds that are not broken down in the body. Four PFCs (PFHxS, PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA) have been found in the blood of more than 98% of the United States population. OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to assess associations between PFHxS, PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA and uric acid, alanine transferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), asparate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphate (ALP), and total bilirubin in 2007-2008 and 2009-2010 combined National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS: We used multivariate linear regression and logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity and BMI group, poverty, smoking, and/or alcohol consumption to estimate associations. Trend analysis was performed. RESULTS:PFHxS was associated with ALT. Each quartile of PFOS was statistically associated with total bilirubin [(Q2: OR=1.44, 95% CI 1.12-1.84), (Q3: OR=1.65, 95% CI 1.25-2.18), and (Q4: OR=1.51, 95% CI 1.06-2.15)], with evidence of an increasing trend (p-value=0.028). PFOA was associated with uric acid, ALT, GGT, and total bilirubin. PFNA was linearly associated with ALT (p-value <0.001), and there was statistically significant increasing trend (p-value=0.042). CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis found evidence of associations of biomarkers of liver function and uric acid with PFHxS, PFOS, PFOA, and PFNA at levels found in the general U.S. population.
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