C Comi1, L Magistrelli2, G D Oggioni2, M Carecchio2, T Fleetwood2, R Cantello2, F Mancini3, A Antonini4. 1. Movement Disorders Centre, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), University of Eastern Piedmont, "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy. Electronic address: comi@med.unipmn.it. 2. Movement Disorders Centre, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy. 3. Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Centre, Neurology Unit, San Pio X Clinic, Fondazione Opera San Camillo, Milan, Italy. 4. Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Camillo, Venice, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In recent years, non-motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD) have received increasing attention and PD is currently considered a systemic rather than a pure basal ganglia disorder. Among the systemic features, peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a recent acquisition since the first case-control study reporting increased frequency of PN in PD dates back to 2008. METHODS: We reviewed available literature on peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement in PD. RESULTS: Evidence of α-synuclein deposition in the PNS and small nerve fiber deterioration in both drug-naïve and treated PD patients is becoming stronger. In addition, several recent reports documented a significant role of levodopa exposure together with group B vitamin deficiency in facilitating the development of PN and case reports suggested that treatment with continuous levodopa intestinal infusion may increase the risk of acute PN compared to both oral levodopa and other dopaminergic treatments. CONCLUSION: It is currently debated whether PN is an intrinsic disease-related feature, a consequence of levodopa treatment or both. In this review, we will discuss the different hypotheses, as well as our perspective on open issues and controversies.
BACKGROUND: In recent years, non-motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD) have received increasing attention and PD is currently considered a systemic rather than a pure basal ganglia disorder. Among the systemic features, peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a recent acquisition since the first case-control study reporting increased frequency of PN in PD dates back to 2008. METHODS: We reviewed available literature on peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement in PD. RESULTS: Evidence of α-synuclein deposition in the PNS and small nerve fiber deterioration in both drug-naïve and treated PDpatients is becoming stronger. In addition, several recent reports documented a significant role of levodopa exposure together with group B vitamin deficiency in facilitating the development of PN and case reports suggested that treatment with continuous levodopa intestinal infusion may increase the risk of acute PN compared to both oral levodopa and other dopaminergic treatments. CONCLUSION: It is currently debated whether PN is an intrinsic disease-related feature, a consequence of levodopa treatment or both. In this review, we will discuss the different hypotheses, as well as our perspective on open issues and controversies.
Authors: Davide L Vetrano; Maria S Pisciotta; Maria R Lo Monaco; Graziano Onder; Alice Laudisio; Vincenzo Brandi; Domenico La Carpia; Mauro Guglielmo; Antonio Nacchia; Domenico Fusco; Diego Ricciardi; Anna R Bentivoglio; Roberto Bernabei; Giuseppe Zuccalà Journal: J Neurol Date: 2015-09-04 Impact factor: 4.849
Authors: Lifu Sheng; Tessandra Stewart; Dishun Yang; Eric Thorland; David Soltys; Patrick Aro; Tarek Khrisat; Zhiying Xie; Na Li; Zongran Liu; Chen Tian; Matthew Bercow; Junichi Matsumoto; Cyrus P Zabetian; Elaine Peskind; Joseph F Quinn; Min Shi; Jing Zhang Journal: Acta Neuropathol Commun Date: 2020-07-08 Impact factor: 7.801