Young Jun Chai1, Young A Kim2, Hyeon-Gun Jee3, Jin Wook Yi4, Bo Gun Jang5, Kyu Eun Lee6, Young Joo Park7, Yeo-Kyu Youn4. 1. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. 2. Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. 3. Research Institute, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. 4. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 5. Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 6. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: kyu.eun.lee.md@gmail.com. 7. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nodal, an embryonic morphogen, plays a role in tumorigenesis of melanoma, breast, and prostate cancer; however, its role in thyroid carcinoma is unknown. We examined Nodal expression in thyroid tumors by immunohistochemistry assay and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analysis. METHODS: An immunohistochemistry assay was performed in a tissue microarray comprising 128 classic papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC), 58 follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC), 19 follicular variants of PTC (FVPTC), 57 follicular adenomas (FA), 54 adenomatous goiters (AG), and 5 normal thyroid tissues. The TCGA database was examined to evaluate the expression of Nodal mRNA in normal thyroid and PTC. RESULTS: The proportion of tumors showing negative Nodal expression in PTC, FTC, FVPTC, FA, and AG was 0%, 1.7%, 0%, 14%, and 41%, respectively. For the diagnosis of malignant tumors, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of positive Nodal staining was 99%, 27%, 72%, and 97%, respectively. High Nodal expression was associated with older age and BRAF mutation in PTC. TCGA analysis revealed PTC had greater Nodal mRNA expression than normal thyroid (P = .012). CONCLUSION: Nodal staining might be useful "rule-out test" for the diagnosis of malignant thyroid tumor. Nodal may be associated with the tumorigenesis of thyroid malignancy.
BACKGROUND:Nodal, an embryonic morphogen, plays a role in tumorigenesis of melanoma, breast, and prostate cancer; however, its role in thyroid carcinoma is unknown. We examined Nodal expression in thyroid tumors by immunohistochemistry assay and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analysis. METHODS: An immunohistochemistry assay was performed in a tissue microarray comprising 128 classic papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC), 58 follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC), 19 follicular variants of PTC (FVPTC), 57 follicular adenomas (FA), 54 adenomatous goiters (AG), and 5 normal thyroid tissues. The TCGA database was examined to evaluate the expression of Nodal mRNA in normal thyroid and PTC. RESULTS: The proportion of tumors showing negative Nodal expression in PTC, FTC, FVPTC, FA, and AG was 0%, 1.7%, 0%, 14%, and 41%, respectively. For the diagnosis of malignant tumors, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of positive Nodal staining was 99%, 27%, 72%, and 97%, respectively. High Nodal expression was associated with older age and BRAF mutation in PTC. TCGA analysis revealed PTC had greater Nodal mRNA expression than normal thyroid (P = .012). CONCLUSION:Nodal staining might be useful "rule-out test" for the diagnosis of malignant thyroid tumor. Nodal may be associated with the tumorigenesis of thyroid malignancy.
Authors: Thomas M Bodenstine; Grace S Chandler; Richard E B Seftor; Elisabeth A Seftor; Mary J C Hendrix Journal: Cancer Metastasis Rev Date: 2016-03 Impact factor: 9.264
Authors: Young Jun Chai; Jin Wook Yi; Hyeon-Gun Jee; Young A Kim; Ju Han Kim; Mingzhao Xing; Kyu Eun Lee Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-07-13 Impact factor: 3.240