M Bayon-Mottu1, G Gambart2, X Deries3, C Tessiot3, I Richard4, M Dinomais4. 1. Centre hospitalier de réadaptation de Maubreuil, 31, boulevard Salvador-Allende, CS 40401, 44819 Saint-Herblain cedex, France. Electronic address: m.mottu@ch-maubreuil.idhl.fr. 2. Service de médecine physique et de réadaptation, centre hospitalier de Saintonge, 21, rue de l'Alma, BP 326, 17108 Saintes, France. 3. Centre de rééducation des Capucins, 49000 Angers, France. 4. Centre de rééducation des Capucins, 49000 Angers, France; LUNAM, université d'Angers, département de médecine physique et de réadaptation, 49933 Angers, France.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we consider two localization techniques used in injections of botulinium toxin in children: electrical stimulation and ultrasound. The hypothesis of this work was that injections performed without stimulation would be less painful. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Monocentric prospective study, with 107 sessions of lower limb injections. Two groups of children were compared: localization by ultrasound only (60 children), detection by stimulation only or by stimulation combined with ultrasound (47 children). Pain assessment was performed by the child or an accompanying party using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and by a health care team using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC). RESULTS: A significant difference between the two groups was found in both self-report and by means of the behavioral observational pain scale. Indeed, VAS average and FLACC average were significantly higher with detection by stimulation than with ultrasound alone: 4.5cm±2.54 versus 2.7cm±2.27; P<0.001 for VAS scale and 3.7±2.1 versus 2.7±2.3; P<0.05 for FLACC scale. CONCLUSION: When compared to ultrasound detection, localization by electrostimulation appears to increase the overall pain caused during injections of botulinum toxin in children.
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we consider two localization techniques used in injections of botulinium toxin in children: electrical stimulation and ultrasound. The hypothesis of this work was that injections performed without stimulation would be less painful. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Monocentric prospective study, with 107 sessions of lower limb injections. Two groups of children were compared: localization by ultrasound only (60 children), detection by stimulation only or by stimulation combined with ultrasound (47 children). Pain assessment was performed by the child or an accompanying party using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and by a health care team using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC). RESULTS: A significant difference between the two groups was found in both self-report and by means of the behavioral observational pain scale. Indeed, VAS average and FLACC average were significantly higher with detection by stimulation than with ultrasound alone: 4.5cm±2.54 versus 2.7cm±2.27; P<0.001 for VAS scale and 3.7±2.1 versus 2.7±2.3; P<0.05 for FLACC scale. CONCLUSION: When compared to ultrasound detection, localization by electrostimulation appears to increase the overall pain caused during injections of botulinum toxin in children.