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Literature DB >> 25449855

Attention enhancing effects of methylphenidate are age-dependent.

Shevon E Bhattacharya¹, Jed S Shumsky², Barry D Waterhouse³.

Abstract

The psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH, Ritalin®) is used to treat a variety of cognitive disorders. MPH is also popular among healthy individuals, including the elderly, for its ability to focus attention and improve concentration, but these effects have not been shown to be comparable between aged and adult subjects. Thus, we tested whether MPH would improve performance in sustained attention in both adult and aged rats. In addition, we tested the impact of visual distraction on performance in this task and the ability of MPH to mitigate the effects of distraction. Adult (6-12 months) and aged (18-22 months) male Sprague-Dawley rats were given oral MPH, and their cognitive and motor abilities were tested. Results suggest that while MPH improves task performance in adults; there is no improvement in the aged animals. These outcomes suggest that the use of MPH for cognitive enhancement in elderly individuals may be ineffective.

Entities: Chemical Disease Gene Species

Keywords: Aging; Attention; Methylphenidate; Monoamine; Psychostimulant; Rat

Mesh：

Substances：
Methylphenidate

Year: 2014 PMID： 25449855 PMCID： PMC4289654 DOI： 10.1016/j.exger.2014.11.006

Source DB: PubMed Journal: Exp Gerontol ISSN： 0531-5565 Impact factor: 4.032

38 in total

1. Decline in visual attention and spatial memory in aged rats.

Authors: J L Muir; W Fischer; A Björklund
Journal: Neurobiol Aging Date: 1999 Nov-Dec Impact factor: 4.673

2. Changes in cortical noradrenergic axon terminals of locus coeruleus neurons in aged F344 rats.

Authors: Y Ishida; T Shirokawa; Y Komatsu; K Isobe
Journal: Neurosci Lett Date: 2001-07-20 Impact factor: 3.046

Review 3. Psychostimulants as cognitive enhancers: the prefrontal cortex, catecholamines, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Authors: Craig W Berridge; David M Devilbiss
Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2010-09-26 Impact factor: 13.382

Attention enhancing effects of methylphenidate are age-dependent.

1. Decline in visual attention and spatial memory in aged rats.

2. Changes in cortical noradrenergic axon terminals of locus coeruleus neurons in aged F344 rats.

Review 3. Psychostimulants as cognitive enhancers: the prefrontal cortex, catecholamines, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Review 4. Methylphenidate treatment of negative symptoms in patients with dementia.

5. Iron status and stores decline with age in Lewis rats.

6. Motor learning deficits in aged rats are correlated with loss of cerebellar noradrenergic function.

7. Pharmacokinetics of methylphenidate in man, rat and monkey.

8. BDNF is necessary for maintenance of noradrenergic innervations in the aged rat brain.

9. Behavioral vigilance in rats: task validation and effects of age, amphetamine, and benzodiazepine receptor ligands.

10. Effects of iron supplementation on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children.

1. Atomoxetine improves memory and other components of executive function in young-adult rats and aged rhesus monkeys.

Review 2. Psychostimulants As Cognitive Enhancers in Adolescents: More Risk than Reward?

3. Safety Profile and Neurocognitive Function Following Acute 4-Fluoroamphetamine (4-FA) Administration in Humans.