Trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer SW480 and prostate cancer PC3 cells.

Trichostatin A (TSA) is a kind of classical histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. In this study, we reported the reversal effects of TSA on EMT and investigated the possible involved molecular mechanisms in SW480 and PC3 cells. Firstly, we observed that TSA induced the reversal process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in SW480 and PC3 cells, resulting in attenuated cell invasion and migration abilities. TSA-induced EMT reversal was characterized by up-regulation of E-cadherin and down-regulation of Vimentin. Then, treatment with TSA also decreased the expression of transcription factor Slug. Furthermore, over-expression of Slug significantly caused down-regulation of E-cadherin and up-regulation of Vimentin. Meanwhile, TSA treatment in Slug-expressing cells could prevent these changes. These findings suggested that Slug played a crucial role in TSA-induced EMT reversal. Additionally, the study showed that TSA could induce the increase of HDAC1 and HDAC2 on the Slug gene promoter, which might be responsible for the suppression of Slug. Overall, TSA could reverse EMT in SW480 and PC3 cells and TSA-mediated down-regulation of Slug was involved in the reversal process.