Raimo Tuuminen1, Jari Haukka2, Sirpa Loukovaara3. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4 C, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland. 2. Hjelt Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4 C, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland. 3. Unit of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4 C, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland. sirpa.loukovaara@hus.fi.
Abstract
PURPOSE: In rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), intravitreal growth factors and cytokines may compromise post-vitrectomy outcomes. Here, we analysed perioperative intravitreal protein levels of potent vasoactive, pro-inflammatory, and extracellular matrix-remodelling factors in RRD eyes of patients treated with statins and evaluated post-vitrectomy outcome in the same study eyes. METHODS: Institutional, retrospective, observational study of 14 patients operated on for RRD while on statins compared to patients without statin medication (n = 82). Vitreous samples were subjected to protein measurements of angiopoietin (ANGPT)-1 and -2, transforming growth factor-β1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by ELISA, and of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 by gelatin zymography. A 1-month best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) gain was modelled by Student's T-test and multivariate linear regression with concomitant perioperative medication. Cumulative 12-month revitrectomy frequency was modelled by Kaplan-Meier log-rank test. RESULTS: Intravitreal levels of ANGPT-2 (49.2 ± 33.1 vs. 112.8 ± 134.1 pg/ml, mean ± SD, p < 0.001), VEGF (2.3 ± 2.4 vs. 17.7 ± 57.8 pg/ml, p = 0.021), and MMP-2 (1107.1 ± 884.6 vs 1976.4 ± 970.1 AU/ml, p = 0.005) in RRD eyes of patients treated with statins were lower than in non-statin-treated controls. Patients on statins had better 1-month BCVA improvement than did those not on statins (p = 0.022), with no difference in 1-year re-vitrectomy rates. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal levels of ANGPT-2, VEGF, factors involved in vascular permeability and inflammation, and activity of MMP-2, the factor connected with breakdown of basement membrane and fibroproliferation, were lower in RRD eyes of patients with statin treatment. At 1-month, postoperative BCVA gain was improved in statin-treated RRD eyes, suggesting that statin administration may be effective in preventing inflammation-related PVR formation.
PURPOSE: In rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), intravitreal growth factors and cytokines may compromise post-vitrectomy outcomes. Here, we analysed perioperative intravitreal protein levels of potent vasoactive, pro-inflammatory, and extracellular matrix-remodelling factors in RRD eyes of patients treated with statins and evaluated post-vitrectomy outcome in the same study eyes. METHODS: Institutional, retrospective, observational study of 14 patients operated on for RRD while on statins compared to patients without statin medication (n = 82). Vitreous samples were subjected to protein measurements of angiopoietin (ANGPT)-1 and -2, transforming growth factor-β1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by ELISA, and of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 by gelatin zymography. A 1-month best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) gain was modelled by Student's T-test and multivariate linear regression with concomitant perioperative medication. Cumulative 12-month revitrectomy frequency was modelled by Kaplan-Meier log-rank test. RESULTS: Intravitreal levels of ANGPT-2 (49.2 ± 33.1 vs. 112.8 ± 134.1 pg/ml, mean ± SD, p < 0.001), VEGF (2.3 ± 2.4 vs. 17.7 ± 57.8 pg/ml, p = 0.021), and MMP-2 (1107.1 ± 884.6 vs 1976.4 ± 970.1 AU/ml, p = 0.005) in RRD eyes of patients treated with statins were lower than in non-statin-treated controls. Patients on statins had better 1-month BCVA improvement than did those not on statins (p = 0.022), with no difference in 1-year re-vitrectomy rates. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal levels of ANGPT-2, VEGF, factors involved in vascular permeability and inflammation, and activity of MMP-2, the factor connected with breakdown of basement membrane and fibroproliferation, were lower in RRD eyes of patients with statin treatment. At 1-month, postoperative BCVAgain was improved in statin-treated RRD eyes, suggesting that statin administration may be effective in preventing inflammation-related PVR formation.
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