Felix P Aplin1, Chi D Luu1, Kirstan A Vessey2, Robyn H Guymer1, Robert K Shepherd3, Erica L Fletcher2. 1. Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 2. Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 3. The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To develop and characterize a feline model of retinal degeneration induced by intravitreal injection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). METHODS: Nineteen normally sighted adult cats received 100 μL intravitreal injections of ATP with a final concentration of 11, 22, or 55 mM at the retina. Four animals were euthanized 30 hours after injection and retinal sections examined for apoptosis using a TUNEL cell death assay. In the remaining animals, structural and functional changes were characterized over a 3-month period using a combination of electroretinography (ERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS: Using a TUNEL cell death assay, we detected widespread photoreceptor death 30 hours after injection with 55 mM intravitreal ATP. All concentrations of ATP caused loss of retinal function and gross changes in retinal structure within 2 weeks of injection. Intravitreal injection of ATP led to a rapid loss of rod photoreceptor function and a gradual loss of cone photoreceptor function within 3 months. Outer nuclear layer thickness was globally reduced by 3 months, with the inner nuclear layer including the retinal nerve fiber layer remaining intact. Structural abnormalities were observed, including focal retinal detachment with evidence of both intravitreal and intraretinal inflammation in some eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Development of an ATP-induced feline model of retinal degeneration provides a rapid and effective large-eyed animal model for research into vision restoration. Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
PURPOSE: To develop and characterize a feline model of retinal degeneration induced by intravitreal injection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). METHODS: Nineteen normally sighted adult cats received 100 μL intravitreal injections of ATP with a final concentration of 11, 22, or 55 mM at the retina. Four animals were euthanized 30 hours after injection and retinal sections examined for apoptosis using a TUNEL cell death assay. In the remaining animals, structural and functional changes were characterized over a 3-month period using a combination of electroretinography (ERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS: Using a TUNEL cell death assay, we detected widespread photoreceptor death 30 hours after injection with 55 mM intravitreal ATP. All concentrations of ATP caused loss of retinal function and gross changes in retinal structure within 2 weeks of injection. Intravitreal injection of ATP led to a rapid loss of rod photoreceptor function and a gradual loss of cone photoreceptor function within 3 months. Outer nuclear layer thickness was globally reduced by 3 months, with the inner nuclear layer including the retinal nerve fiber layer remaining intact. Structural abnormalities were observed, including focal retinal detachment with evidence of both intravitreal and intraretinal inflammation in some eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Development of an ATP-induced feline model of retinal degeneration provides a rapid and effective large-eyed animal model for research into vision restoration. Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
Authors: Felix P Aplin; Kirstan A Vessey; Chi D Luu; Robyn H Guymer; Robert K Shepherd; Erica L Fletcher Journal: Front Neuroanat Date: 2016-04-29 Impact factor: 3.856
Authors: Daniel Al Mouiee; Erik Meijering; Michael Kalloniatis; Lisa Nivison-Smith; Richard A Williams; David A X Nayagam; Thomas C Spencer; Chi D Luu; Ceara McGowan; Stephanie B Epp; Mohit N Shivdasani Journal: Transl Vis Sci Technol Date: 2021-06-01 Impact factor: 3.283