B C Böckle1, N T Sepp2. 1. Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria. 2. Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria norbert.sepp@i-med.ac.at barbara.boeckle@i-med.ac.at.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Environmental factors appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of lupus erythematosus (LE). OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between cigarette smoking and various types of cutaneous LE. DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive study at a dermatology clinic of a tertiary referral hospital. METHODS: All patients diagnosed with cutaneous and/or systemic LE from January 2000 to December 2012 at the outpatient clinic for dermatological autoimmune diseases were analyzed. RESULTS: 405 patients were diagnosed with LE. Smokers were more common among patients with cutaneous LE, especially those with LE tumidus or discoid LE. The frequency of cigarette smokers was not significantly higher among patients with other LE-specific skin lesions and patients with systemic LE compared to the general population. Smoking at the onset of disease was associated with LE tumidus (odds ratio OR 4.5), discoid LE (OR 2.05), the male gender (OR 3.31), age < 50 years (OR 1.03), and photosensitivity (OR 2.07). LIMITATIONS: A retrospective descriptive study at a tertiary referral hospital. CONCLUSION: Smoking is highly associated with cutaneous LE, but not systemic LE. Various risk factors appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of cutaneous and systemic LE.
BACKGROUND: Environmental factors appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of lupus erythematosus (LE). OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between cigarette smoking and various types of cutaneous LE. DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive study at a dermatology clinic of a tertiary referral hospital. METHODS: All patients diagnosed with cutaneous and/or systemic LE from January 2000 to December 2012 at the outpatient clinic for dermatological autoimmune diseases were analyzed. RESULTS: 405 patients were diagnosed with LE. Smokers were more common among patients with cutaneous LE, especially those with LE tumidus or discoid LE. The frequency of cigarette smokers was not significantly higher among patients with other LE-specific skin lesions and patients with systemic LE compared to the general population. Smoking at the onset of disease was associated with LE tumidus (odds ratio OR 4.5), discoid LE (OR 2.05), the male gender (OR 3.31), age < 50 years (OR 1.03), and photosensitivity (OR 2.07). LIMITATIONS: A retrospective descriptive study at a tertiary referral hospital. CONCLUSION: Smoking is highly associated with cutaneous LE, but not systemic LE. Various risk factors appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of cutaneous and systemic LE.
Authors: Iñigo Rúa-Figueroa; Celia Erausquin; Celia Rua-Figueroa; Jesús González-Martín; Antonio Naranjo; Soledad Ojeda; Félix Francisco; Juan C Quevedo; Laura Cáceres; Ruben López; Martin Greco; Irene Altabás-González; Yanira Pérez; Francisco Rubiño; Carlos Rodríguez-Lozano Journal: Rheumatol Int Date: 2019-11-27 Impact factor: 2.631
Authors: Henrik Christian Bidstrup Leffers; Anne Troldborg; Anne Voss; Salome Kristensen; Jesper Lindhardsen; Prabhat Kumar; Asta Linauskas; Lars Juul; Niels Steen Krogh; Bent Deleuran; Lene Dreyer; Søren Jacobsen Journal: Lupus Sci Med Date: 2021-04