Sedat Özcan1, Dolunay Odabasi2, Tolga Kurt3, Ali Kemal Gür2, Aysegul Kunt2, Yavuz Balaharoglu4, Alper Sami Kunt2. 1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty Of Medicine, 18 Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey. sedatozcan78@hotmail.com. 2. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey. 3. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty Of Medicine, 18 Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey. 4. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Although some studies indicate an association between increased levels of estradiol and varicose veins in women, the role of sex hormones on varicose veins have a question mark in men. METHODS: We investigated estradiol-2/free testosterone (E2/fT) ratio relationship on varicosity in 100 male patients dividing them into two groups. Group A (n = 46) had varicose veins with endocrinological problems, especially infertility, whereas group B (n = 54) also had varicose veins but no endocrinological problems. Venous blood samples were drawn from both groups in the morning to detect the levels of serum estradiol (E2), androstenedione, dehydroepiandrostenedione sulphate and free testosterone (fT). Patient history, physical examination, colour duplex ultrasound of both limbs and classification of CEAP were performed in both groups. Serum E2/fT ratio was calculated in correspondence with CEAP classification. CEAP classification is the varicosity classification, and it is concerned about the clinical class (C), etiology (E), anatomical distribution (A) and underlying pathophysiology (P). RESULTS: E2/fT ratio was significantly higher in group A (4.18 ± 0.54) compared with group B (2.98 ± 0.36). Moreover, there is a high correlation between serum E2/fT ratio and CEAP clinical classification in group A (4) compared with group B (2). CONCLUSION: Serum E2/fT ratio is associated with varicose veins in male patients.
OBJECTIVE: Although some studies indicate an association between increased levels of estradiol and varicose veins in women, the role of sex hormones on varicose veins have a question mark in men. METHODS: We investigated estradiol-2/free testosterone (E2/fT) ratio relationship on varicosity in 100 male patients dividing them into two groups. Group A (n = 46) had varicose veins with endocrinological problems, especially infertility, whereas group B (n = 54) also had varicose veins but no endocrinological problems. Venous blood samples were drawn from both groups in the morning to detect the levels of serum estradiol (E2), androstenedione, dehydroepiandrostenedione sulphate and free testosterone (fT). Patient history, physical examination, colour duplex ultrasound of both limbs and classification of CEAP were performed in both groups. Serum E2/fT ratio was calculated in correspondence with CEAP classification. CEAP classification is the varicosity classification, and it is concerned about the clinical class (C), etiology (E), anatomical distribution (A) and underlying pathophysiology (P). RESULTS:E2/fT ratio was significantly higher in group A (4.18 ± 0.54) compared with group B (2.98 ± 0.36). Moreover, there is a high correlation between serum E2/fT ratio and CEAP clinical classification in group A (4) compared with group B (2). CONCLUSION: Serum E2/fT ratio is associated with varicose veins in male patients.
Entities:
Keywords:
CEAP classification; Chronic venous insufficiency; Sex hormones; Varicose veins
Authors: A V Ciardullo; S Panico; C Bellati; P Rubba; S Rinaldi; A Iannuzzi; V Cioffi; G Iannuzzo; F Berrino Journal: J Vasc Surg Date: 2000-09 Impact factor: 4.268
Authors: A W van den Beld; M L Bots; J A M L L Janssen; H A P Pols; S W J Lamberts; D E Grobbee Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2003-01-01 Impact factor: 4.897