Yaojing Chen1, Zhen Liu1, Junying Zhang1, Kai Xu1, Sisi Zhang1, Dongfeng Wei2, Zhanjun Zhang3. 1. State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China. 2. Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China. 3. State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China BABRI Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China zhang_rzs@bnu.edu.cn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has important effects on cognition and the risk for Alzheimer disease (AD). Working memory (WM) is a susceptible cognitive domain of mild cognitive impairment and AD. Thus, the identification of brain activation patterns under different WM loads can potentially enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cognitive dysfunction in T2DM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The current study assessed the effects of T2DM on cognitive performance and explored the related neuronal damage through a visual n-back task and functional magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: We found that patients with T2DM exhibited worse executive and memory abilities than control subjects. Furthermore, the patterns of brain activation changed under different WM loads in the T2DM patients, who exhibited reduced activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus under low loads and reduced activation in the left middle frontal gyrus and superior frontal gyrus (SFG) under high loads. Thus, more regions of diminished activation were seen in the frontal cortex with increasing task difficulty. Furthermore, we found that lower SFG activation was associated with worse cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate deficient WM in patients with T2DM and the relation between cognitive function and degree of neuronal activity and their relevance to AD risk. Further longitudinal studies are needed to replicate these results and to evaluate the clinical value of brain imaging methods in the prediction of disease progress in these patients.
OBJECTIVE:Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has important effects on cognition and the risk for Alzheimer disease (AD). Working memory (WM) is a susceptible cognitive domain of mild cognitive impairment and AD. Thus, the identification of brain activation patterns under different WM loads can potentially enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cognitive dysfunction in T2DM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The current study assessed the effects of T2DM on cognitive performance and explored the related neuronal damage through a visual n-back task and functional magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: We found that patients with T2DM exhibited worse executive and memory abilities than control subjects. Furthermore, the patterns of brain activation changed under different WM loads in the T2DM patients, who exhibited reduced activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus under low loads and reduced activation in the left middle frontal gyrus and superior frontal gyrus (SFG) under high loads. Thus, more regions of diminished activation were seen in the frontal cortex with increasing task difficulty. Furthermore, we found that lower SFG activation was associated with worse cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate deficient WM in patients with T2DM and the relation between cognitive function and degree of neuronal activity and their relevance to AD risk. Further longitudinal studies are needed to replicate these results and to evaluate the clinical value of brain imaging methods in the prediction of disease progress in these patients.
Authors: Leonid M Yermakov; Ryan B Griggs; Domenica E Drouet; Chiho Sugimoto; Michael T Williams; Charles V Vorhees; Keiichiro Susuki Journal: Behav Brain Res Date: 2019-05-26 Impact factor: 3.332
Authors: Kristen L Eckstrand; Nishit Mummareddy; Hakmook Kang; Ronald Cowan; Minchun Zhou; David Zald; Heidi J Silver; Kevin D Niswender; Malcolm J Avison Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-12-11 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Frank C G van Bussel; Walter H Backes; Paul A M Hofman; Robert J van Oostenbrugge; Martin P J van Boxtel; Frans R J Verhey; Harry W M Steinbusch; Miranda T Schram; Coen D A Stehouwer; Joachim E Wildberger; Jacobus F A Jansen Journal: Front Neurosci Date: 2017-04-05 Impact factor: 4.677