Jesús Villar1, Rosa L Fernández, Alfonso Ambrós, Laura Parra, Jesús Blanco, Ana M Domínguez-Berrot, José M Gutiérrez, Lluís Blanch, José M Añón, Carmen Martín, Francisca Prieto, Javier Collado, Lina Pérez-Méndez, Robert M Kacmarek. 1. 1CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. 2Multidisciplinary Organ Dysfunction Evaluation Research Network, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. 3Intensive Care Unit, Hospital General de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain. 4Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain. 5Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain. 6Intensive Care Unit, Hospital General de León, León, Spain. 7Intensive Care Unit, Hospital General Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, Spain. 8Critical Care Center, Corporació Sanitaria Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain. 9Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Virgen de la Luz, Cuenca, Spain. 10Intensive Care Unit, Hospital La Mancha Centro, Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, Spain. 11Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Santa Bárbara, Puertollano, Ciudad Real, Spain. 12Intensive Care Unit, Hospital General Río Carrión, Palencia, Spain. 13Research Unit, Hospital Universitario NS de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. 14Department of Respiratory Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA. 15Department of Anesthesiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Current in-hospital mortality of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is above 40%. ARDS outcome depends on the lung injury severity within the first 24 hours of ARDS onset. We investigated whether two widely accepted cutoff values of PaO2/FIO2 and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) would identify subsets of patients with ARDS for predicting outcome and guiding therapy. DESIGN: A 16-month (September 2008 to January 2010) prospective, multicenter, observational study. SETTING: Seventeen multidisciplinary ICUs in Spain. PATIENTS: We studied 300 consecutive, mechanically ventilated patients meeting American-European Consensus Conference criteria for ARDS (PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 200 mm Hg) on PEEP greater than or equal to 5 cm H2O, and followed up until hospital discharge. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Based on threshold values for PaO2/FIO2 (150 mm Hg) and PEEP (10 cm H2O) at ARDS onset and at 24 hours, we assigned patients to four categories: group I (PaO2/FIO2 ≥ 150 on PEEP < 10), group II (PaO2/FIO2 ≥ 150 on PEEP ≥ 10), group III (PaO2/FIO2 < 150 on PEEP < 10), and group IV (PaO2/FIO2 < 150 on PEEP ≥ 10). The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Overall hospital mortality was 46.3%. Although at study entry, patients with PaO2/FIO2 less than 150 had a higher mortality than patients with a PaO2/FIO2 greater than or equal to 150 (p = 0.044), there was minimal variability in mortality among the four groups (p = 0.186). However, classification of patients in each group changed markedly after 24 hours of usual care. Group categorization at 24 hours provided a strong association with in-hospital mortality (p < 0.00001): group I had the lowest mortality (23.1%), whereas group IV had the highest mortality (60.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The degree of lung dysfunction established by a PaO2/FIO2 of 150 mm Hg and a PEEP of 10 cm H2O demonstrated that ARDS is not a homogeneous disorder. Rather, it is a series of four subsets that should be considered for enrollment in clinical trials and for guiding therapy. A major contribution of our study is the distinction between survival after 24 hours of care versus survival at the time of ARDS onset.
OBJECTIVE: Current in-hospital mortality of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is above 40%. ARDS outcome depends on the lung injury severity within the first 24 hours of ARDS onset. We investigated whether two widely accepted cutoff values of PaO2/FIO2 and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) would identify subsets of patients with ARDS for predicting outcome and guiding therapy. DESIGN: A 16-month (September 2008 to January 2010) prospective, multicenter, observational study. SETTING: Seventeen multidisciplinary ICUs in Spain. PATIENTS: We studied 300 consecutive, mechanically ventilated patients meeting American-European Consensus Conference criteria for ARDS (PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 200 mm Hg) on PEEP greater than or equal to 5 cm H2O, and followed up until hospital discharge. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Based on threshold values for PaO2/FIO2 (150 mm Hg) and PEEP (10 cm H2O) at ARDS onset and at 24 hours, we assigned patients to four categories: group I (PaO2/FIO2 ≥ 150 on PEEP < 10), group II (PaO2/FIO2 ≥ 150 on PEEP ≥ 10), group III (PaO2/FIO2 < 150 on PEEP < 10), and group IV (PaO2/FIO2 < 150 on PEEP ≥ 10). The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Overall hospital mortality was 46.3%. Although at study entry, patients with PaO2/FIO2 less than 150 had a higher mortality than patients with a PaO2/FIO2 greater than or equal to 150 (p = 0.044), there was minimal variability in mortality among the four groups (p = 0.186). However, classification of patients in each group changed markedly after 24 hours of usual care. Group categorization at 24 hours provided a strong association with in-hospital mortality (p < 0.00001): group I had the lowest mortality (23.1%), whereas group IV had the highest mortality (60.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The degree of lung dysfunction established by a PaO2/FIO2 of 150 mm Hg and a PEEP of 10 cm H2O demonstrated that ARDS is not a homogeneous disorder. Rather, it is a series of four subsets that should be considered for enrollment in clinical trials and for guiding therapy. A major contribution of our study is the distinction between survival after 24 hours of care versus survival at the time of ARDS onset.
Authors: Lieuwe D Bos; Olaf L Cremer; David S Y Ong; Eliana B Caser; Carmen S V Barbas; Jesus Villar; Robert M Kacmarek; Marcus J Schultz Journal: Intensive Care Med Date: 2015-07-23 Impact factor: 17.440
Authors: George Kasotakis; Manuel Galvan; Elizabeth King; Beda Sarkar; Arthur Stucchi; Joseph P Mizgerd; Peter A Burke; Daniel Remick Journal: J Trauma Acute Care Surg Date: 2017-04 Impact factor: 3.313
Authors: Michaela C Kollisch-Singule; Sumeet V Jain; Penny L Andrews; Joshua Satalin; Louis A Gatto; Jesús Villar; Daniel De Backer; Luciano Gattinoni; Gary F Nieman; Nader M Habashi Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 2017-11-16
Authors: Fabiana Madotto; Tài Pham; Giacomo Bellani; Lieuwe D Bos; Fabienne D Simonis; Eddy Fan; Antonio Artigas; Laurent Brochard; Marcus J Schultz; John G Laffey Journal: Intensive Care Med Date: 2018-04-09 Impact factor: 17.440
Authors: Edward J Schenck; Clara Oromendia; Lisa K Torres; David A Berlin; Augustine M K Choi; Ilias I Siempos Journal: Chest Date: 2018-10-22 Impact factor: 9.410
Authors: Robinder G Khemani; Lincoln Smith; Yolanda M Lopez-Fernandez; Jeni Kwok; Rica Morzov; Margaret J Klein; Nadir Yehya; Douglas Willson; Martin C J Kneyber; Jon Lillie; Analia Fernandez; Christopher J L Newth; Philippe Jouvet; Neal J Thomas Journal: Lancet Respir Med Date: 2018-10-22 Impact factor: 30.700
Authors: Jason Y Adams; Angela J Rogers; Alejandro Schuler; Gregory P Marelich; Jennifer M Fresco; Sandra L Taylor; Albert W Riedl; Jennifer M Baker; Gabriel J Escobar; Vincent X Liu Journal: Perm J Date: 2020-01-31