Anne-Cécile Paepegaey1, Laurent Genser2, Jean-Luc Bouillot3, Jean-Michel Oppert1, Karine Clément4, Christine Poitou5. 1. Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Nutrition Department, Heart and Metabolism Division, Paris, France. 2. Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Bariatric and Digestive Surgery Department, Paris, France. 3. Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Ambroise Paré Hospital, General, Digestive and Metabolic Surgery Department, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Boulogne, France. 4. Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Nutrition Department, Heart and Metabolism Division, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S U1166 I, Nutriomic team, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S ICAN F U1166, Nutriomique team, Paris, France. 5. Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Nutrition Department, Heart and Metabolism Division, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S U1166 I, Nutriomic team, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S ICAN F U1166, Nutriomique team, Paris, France. Electronic address: christine.poitou-bernert@psl.aphp.fr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity, characterized by low-grade inflammation both in blood and white adipose tissue (WAT) is associated with increased C-reactive protein (CRP), a well-known acute phase protein. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with high levels of CRP in obesity. METHODS: In 674 obese patients candidates to bariatric surgery (mean body mass index [BMI]=47.4±7.4 kg/m²), we examined the relationships between CRP and a series of bioclinical markers and histologic features of subcutaneous and omental WAT (scWAT) and liver. We also compared the same parameters after separating patients with "high" inflammation (HI, CRP≥20 mg/L, n=52) and with "low" inflammation (LI, CRP<20 mg/L, n=622). RESULTS: Mean CRP was 8.9±6.9 mg/L and positively correlated with fat mass (P<10(-4)). The HI group included predominantly women (92% versus 79%), of a younger age, with higher BMI (50.9±8.8 versus 47.1±7.2 kg/m2, P=.003), and fat mass (51.6 versus 48.8%, P<.001), higher prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (73% versus 57%, P=.02), and had increased number of HAM56+ immune cells in scWAT (20.8 versus 14.5%, P=.05). There was no difference in metabolic status, WAT fibrosis or liver histology findings between the groups. After 1 year of surgery-induced weight loss, 48 out of 52 patients with HI returned to CRP levels<20 mg/L. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that WAT inflammation is a major contributor to increased CRP in obesity. In obese patients presenting high CRP levels with no obvious explanation, age, gender, BMI, fat mass proportion, OSA, and WAT inflammation should be taken into account to decide to perform further additional medical investigations.
BACKGROUND:Obesity, characterized by low-grade inflammation both in blood and white adipose tissue (WAT) is associated with increased C-reactive protein (CRP), a well-known acute phase protein. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with high levels of CRP in obesity. METHODS: In 674 obesepatients candidates to bariatric surgery (mean body mass index [BMI]=47.4±7.4 kg/m²), we examined the relationships between CRP and a series of bioclinical markers and histologic features of subcutaneous and omental WAT (scWAT) and liver. We also compared the same parameters after separating patients with "high" inflammation (HI, CRP≥20 mg/L, n=52) and with "low" inflammation (LI, CRP<20 mg/L, n=622). RESULTS: Mean CRP was 8.9±6.9 mg/L and positively correlated with fat mass (P<10(-4)). The HI group included predominantly women (92% versus 79%), of a younger age, with higher BMI (50.9±8.8 versus 47.1±7.2 kg/m2, P=.003), and fat mass (51.6 versus 48.8%, P<.001), higher prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (73% versus 57%, P=.02), and had increased number of HAM56+ immune cells in scWAT (20.8 versus 14.5%, P=.05). There was no difference in metabolic status, WAT fibrosis or liver histology findings between the groups. After 1 year of surgery-induced weight loss, 48 out of 52 patients with HI returned to CRP levels<20 mg/L. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that WAT inflammation is a major contributor to increased CRP in obesity. In obesepatients presenting high CRP levels with no obvious explanation, age, gender, BMI, fat mass proportion, OSA, and WAT inflammation should be taken into account to decide to perform further additional medical investigations.
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