Th Gojendra Singh1, Hemanth S Ghalige2, Karthik K2, Abhilash S2, S Ranita Devi3, Motilal Singh4, Subrata Kishore Deb Berma2, Prasanna Kumar N5. 1. Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences , Imphal, Manipur, India . 2. Post Graduate Trainee, Department of Surgery, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences , Imphal, Manipur, India . 3. Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences , Imphal, Manipur, India . 4. Registrar, Department of Surgery, Raj poly Clinic , Imphal, Manipur, India . 5. Post Graduate Trainee, Department of Medicine, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences , Imphal, Manipur, India .
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Rise of hypertension among younger age group has increased the prevalence of intracranial haemorrhage. Conflicting reviews regarding the mode of treatment has been a concern to the treating physicians especially in a developing country like India. This study was undertaken to underline the importance of management and propose a local protocol for primary supra-tentorial haemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients presenting with primary supratentorial (ST) haemorrhage fulfilling inclusion criteria are included in the study. Decompression craniotomy done in all the patients and the patient particulars noted. The primary outcome of death is correlated with various particulars and statistical analysis done with SPSS version 16. RESULTS: Mean age of presentation was 54.2 years, ranging from 38-71years. Male comprised 82.1% (23 patients). Seven out of eight patients with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) ≤7 (87.5%) expired whereas only 3 out of 20 (15%) patients with GCS >7 expired. 50% of the patients with intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) in temporo-pari et al., (2/4) or in basal ganglia with cortical extension (5/10) expired whereas the mortality in cases of ICH in parietal lobe and frontal lobes were 25% (1/4) and 20% (2/10) respectively. Clot volume ≤100ml had a mortality of 19% (4/21) whereas the mortality was as high as 85.7% (6/7) with clot volume >100ml. CONCLUSION: Emergency Craniotomy and Evacuation of the Hematoma could be a feasible option in between 40 ml to 100ml of Primary ST ICH without intra-ventricular extension. In cases of intra-ventricular extension of haematoma surgery is less helpful. Midline shift of 5 mm or more might be a poor prognostic factor.
INTRODUCTION: Rise of hypertension among younger age group has increased the prevalence of intracranial haemorrhage. Conflicting reviews regarding the mode of treatment has been a concern to the treating physicians especially in a developing country like India. This study was undertaken to underline the importance of management and propose a local protocol for primary supra-tentorial haemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Patients presenting with primary supratentorial (ST) haemorrhage fulfilling inclusion criteria are included in the study. Decompression craniotomy done in all the patients and the patient particulars noted. The primary outcome of death is correlated with various particulars and statistical analysis done with SPSS version 16. RESULTS: Mean age of presentation was 54.2 years, ranging from 38-71years. Male comprised 82.1% (23 patients). Seven out of eight patients with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) ≤7 (87.5%) expired whereas only 3 out of 20 (15%) patients with GCS >7 expired. 50% of the patients with intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) in temporo-pari et al., (2/4) or in basal ganglia with cortical extension (5/10) expired whereas the mortality in cases of ICH in parietal lobe and frontal lobes were 25% (1/4) and 20% (2/10) respectively. Clot volume ≤100ml had a mortality of 19% (4/21) whereas the mortality was as high as 85.7% (6/7) with clot volume >100ml. CONCLUSION: Emergency Craniotomy and Evacuation of the Hematoma could be a feasible option in between 40 ml to 100ml of Primary ST ICH without intra-ventricular extension. In cases of intra-ventricular extension of haematoma surgery is less helpful. Midline shift of 5 mm or more might be a poor prognostic factor.
Entities:
Keywords:
Craniotomy; Glasgow coma scale; Primary supratentorial haemorrhage
Authors: Chelsea S Kidwell; Julio A Chalela; Jeffrey L Saver; Sidney Starkman; Michael D Hill; Andrew M Demchuk; John A Butman; Nicholas Patronas; Jeffry R Alger; Lawrence L Latour; Marie L Luby; Alison E Baird; Megan C Leary; Margaret Tremwel; Bruce Ovbiagele; Andre Fredieu; Shuichi Suzuki; J Pablo Villablanca; Stephen Davis; Billy Dunn; Jason W Todd; Mustapha A Ezzeddine; Joseph Haymore; John K Lynch; Lisa Davis; Steven Warach Journal: JAMA Date: 2004-10-20 Impact factor: 56.272
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