Clinical structural anatomy of the inferior pyramidal space reconstructed from the living heart: Three-dimensional visualization using multidetector-row computed tomography.

The inferior pyramidal space (IPS) comprises the epicardial visceral adipose tissue wedged between the bottoms of the four cardiac chambers from the postero-inferior epicardial surface of the heart. Understanding the complex anatomy around the IPS is important for clinical cardiologists. Although leading anatomists and radiologists have clarified the anatomy of the IPS in detail, few studies have demonstrated this anatomy in three dimensions. The aim of this study was to visualize the three-dimensional anatomy of the IPS reconstructed from the living heart using multidetector-row computed tomography. We also developed an original paper model of the IPS to enhance understanding of its intricate structure.