C Arden Pope1, Michelle C Turner2, Richard T Burnett2, Michael Jerrett2, Susan M Gapstur2, W Ryan Diver2, Daniel Krewski2, Robert D Brook2. 1. From the Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT (C.A.P.); McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Institute of Population Health (M.C.T., D.K.) and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (D.K.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain (M.C.T.); CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (M.C.T.); Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.T.); Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (R.T.B.); Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley (M.J.); Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA (S.M.G., W.R.D.); Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (D.K.); and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (R.D.B.). cap3@byu.edu. 2. From the Department of Economics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT (C.A.P.); McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Institute of Population Health (M.C.T., D.K.) and Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (D.K.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain (M.C.T.); CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain (M.C.T.); Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain (M.C.T.); Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (R.T.B.); Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley (M.J.); Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA (S.M.G., W.R.D.); Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (D.K.); and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (R.D.B.).
Abstract
RATIONALE: Growing evidence suggests that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution contributes to risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. There is uncertainty about who are most susceptible. Individuals with underlying cardiometabolic disorders, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity, may be at greater risk. PM2.5 pollution may also contribute to cardiometabolic disorders, augmenting CVD risk. OBJECTIVE: This analysis evaluates relationships between long-term PM2.5 exposure and cardiometabolic disease on risk of death from CVD and cardiometabolic conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data on 669 046 participants from the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II cohort were linked to modeled PM2.5 concentrations at geocoded home addresses. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazards ratios for death from CVD and cardiometabolic diseases based on death-certificate information. Effect modification by pre-existing cardiometabolic risk factors on the PM2.5-CVD mortality association was examined. PM2.5 exposure was associated with CVD mortality, with the hazards ratios (95% confidence interval) per 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5 equal to 1.12 (1.10-1.15). Deaths linked to hypertension and diabetes mellitus (mentioned on death certificate as either primary or contributing cause of death) were also associated with PM2.5. There was no consistent evidence of effect modification by cardiometabolic disease risk factors on the PM2.5-CVD mortality association. CONCLUSIONS: Pollution-induced CVD mortality risk is observed for those with and without existing cardiometabolic disorders. Long-term exposure may also contribute to the development or exacerbation of cardiometabolic disorders, increasing risk of CVD, and cardiometabolic disease mortality.
RATIONALE: Growing evidence suggests that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution contributes to risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. There is uncertainty about who are most susceptible. Individuals with underlying cardiometabolic disorders, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity, may be at greater risk. PM2.5 pollution may also contribute to cardiometabolic disorders, augmenting CVD risk. OBJECTIVE: This analysis evaluates relationships between long-term PM2.5 exposure and cardiometabolic disease on risk of death from CVD and cardiometabolic conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data on 669 046 participants from the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II cohort were linked to modeled PM2.5 concentrations at geocoded home addresses. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazards ratios for death from CVD and cardiometabolic diseases based on death-certificate information. Effect modification by pre-existing cardiometabolic risk factors on the PM2.5-CVD mortality association was examined. PM2.5 exposure was associated with CVD mortality, with the hazards ratios (95% confidence interval) per 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5 equal to 1.12 (1.10-1.15). Deaths linked to hypertension and diabetes mellitus (mentioned on death certificate as either primary or contributing cause of death) were also associated with PM2.5. There was no consistent evidence of effect modification by cardiometabolic disease risk factors on the PM2.5-CVD mortality association. CONCLUSIONS: Pollution-induced CVD mortality risk is observed for those with and without existing cardiometabolic disorders. Long-term exposure may also contribute to the development or exacerbation of cardiometabolic disorders, increasing risk of CVD, and cardiometabolic disease mortality.
Authors: Chris C Lim; George D Thurston; Magdy Shamy; Mansour Alghamdi; Mamdouh Khoder; Abdullah M Mohorjy; Abdulrahman K Alkhalaf; Jason Brocato; Lung Chi Chen; Max Costa Journal: J Air Waste Manag Assoc Date: 2018-01-16 Impact factor: 2.235
Authors: Bulent Gorenek; Antonio Pelliccia; Emelia J Benjamin; Giuseppe Boriani; Harry J Crijns; Richard I Fogel; Isabelle C Van Gelder; Martin Halle; Gulmira Kudaiberdieva; Deirdre A Lane; Torben Bjerregaard Larsen; Gregory Y H Lip; Maja-Lisa Løchen; Francisco Marin; Josef Niebauer; Prashanthan Sanders; Lale Tokgozoglu; Marc A Vos; David R Van Wagoner; Laurent Fauchier; Irina Savelieva; Andreas Goette; Stefan Agewall; Chern-En Chiang; Márcio Figueiredo; Martin Stiles; Timm Dickfeld; Kristen Patton; Massimo Piepoli; Ugo Corra; Pedro Manuel Marques-Vidal; Pompilio Faggiano; Jean-Paul Schmid; Ana Abreu Journal: Eur J Prev Cardiol Date: 2016-11-04 Impact factor: 7.804
Authors: Bulent Gorenek; Antonio Pelliccia; Emelia J Benjamin; Giuseppe Boriani; Harry J Crijns; Richard I Fogel; Isabelle C Van Gelder; Martin Halle; Gulmira Kudaiberdieva; Deirdre A Lane; Torben Bjerregaard Larsen; Gregory Y H Lip; Maja-Lisa Løchen; Francisco Marín; Josef Niebauer; Prashanthan Sanders; Lale Tokgozoglu; Marc A Vos; David R Van Wagoner; Laurent Fauchier; Irina Savelieva; Andreas Goette; Stefan Agewall; Chern-En Chiang; Márcio Figueiredo; Martin Stiles; Timm Dickfeld; Kristen Patton; Massimo Piepoli; Ugo Corra; Pedro Manuel Marques-Vidal; Pompilio Faggiano; Jean-Paul Schmid; Ana Abreu Journal: Europace Date: 2017-02-01 Impact factor: 5.214
Authors: Rachel S Wallwork; Elena Colicino; Jia Zhong; Itai Kloog; Brent A Coull; Pantel Vokonas; Joel D Schwartz; Andrea A Baccarelli Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2016-12-07 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Chris C Lim; Richard B Hayes; Jiyoung Ahn; Yongzhao Shao; Debra T Silverman; Rena R Jones; George D Thurston Journal: Circulation Date: 2019-04-09 Impact factor: 29.690