STUDY DESIGN: Radiological analysis of normal patterns of sagittal alignment of the spine. PURPOSE: This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of normal sagittal spino-pelvic alignment in Asian people. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: It is known that there are differences in these parameters based on age, gender, and race. In order to properly plan for surgical correction of the spine for Asian patients, it is necessary to understand the normal spino-pelvic alignment parameters for this population. METHODS: This study analyzed 86 Japanese healthy young adult volunteers (48 men and 38 women; age 35.9±11.1 (mean±standard deviation [SD]). The following parameters were measured on lateral standing radiographs of the entire spine: sagittal vertical axis (SVA), horizontal distance between the C7 plumb line and the posterior superior corner of the superior margin of S1, thoracic kyphotic angle (TK), lumbar lordotic angle (LLA), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), and pelvic incidence (PI). RESULTS: The values (mean±SD) of SVA, TK, LLA, SS, PT, and PI were 8.45±25.7 mm, 27.5±9.6°, 43.4±14.6°, 34.6±7.8°, 13.2±8.2°, and 46.7±8.9°, respectively. The Japanese young adults evaluated in this study tended to have a smaller PI, LLA, TK, and SVA than most Caucasian people. Regarding gender differences, SVA was significantly longer and TK was significantly smaller in men; however, there was no statistically significant difference in LLA, SS, PA, and PI. CONCLUSIONS: Japanese young adults apparently have smaller PI and LLA values than Caucasian people. When making decisions for optimal sagittal spinal alignment, racial differences should be considered.
STUDY DESIGN: Radiological analysis of normal patterns of sagittal alignment of the spine. PURPOSE: This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of normal sagittal spino-pelvic alignment in Asian people. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: It is known that there are differences in these parameters based on age, gender, and race. In order to properly plan for surgical correction of the spine for Asian patients, it is necessary to understand the normal spino-pelvic alignment parameters for this population. METHODS: This study analyzed 86 Japanese healthy young adult volunteers (48 men and 38 women; age 35.9±11.1 (mean±standard deviation [SD]). The following parameters were measured on lateral standing radiographs of the entire spine: sagittal vertical axis (SVA), horizontal distance between the C7 plumb line and the posterior superior corner of the superior margin of S1, thoracic kyphotic angle (TK), lumbar lordotic angle (LLA), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), and pelvic incidence (PI). RESULTS: The values (mean±SD) of SVA, TK, LLA, SS, PT, and PI were 8.45±25.7 mm, 27.5±9.6°, 43.4±14.6°, 34.6±7.8°, 13.2±8.2°, and 46.7±8.9°, respectively. The Japanese young adults evaluated in this study tended to have a smaller PI, LLA, TK, and SVA than most Caucasian people. Regarding gender differences, SVA was significantly longer and TK was significantly smaller in men; however, there was no statistically significant difference in LLA, SS, PA, and PI. CONCLUSIONS: Japanese young adults apparently have smaller PI and LLA values than Caucasian people. When making decisions for optimal sagittal spinal alignment, racial differences should be considered.
Entities:
Keywords:
Adult spine; Normal patterns; Sagittal alignment
Authors: Frank Schwab; Benjamin Ungar; Benjamin Blondel; Jacob Buchowski; Jeffrey Coe; Donald Deinlein; Christopher DeWald; Hossein Mehdian; Christopher Shaffrey; Clifford Tribus; Virginie Lafage Journal: Spine (Phila Pa 1976) Date: 2012-05-20 Impact factor: 3.468
Authors: Hizir Kazdal; Ayhan Kanat; Osman Ersagun Batcik; Bulent Ozdemir; Senol Senturk; Murat Yildirim; Leyla Kazancioglu; Ahmet Sen; Sule Batcik; Mehmet Sabri Balik Journal: Asian Spine J Date: 2017-10-11