Novel aromatic and antiaromatic systems.

We contributed to the field of non-benzenoid aromatic compounds by creating the cyclopropenyl cation and various of its derivatives, including cyclopropenone; it was the first aromatic system with other than six pi electrons in a single ring, and the simplest aromatic system. The pioneering work of Tetsuo Nozoe in tropolone chemistry was celebrated with the founding of ISNA, the International Symposium on Non-Benzenoid Aromatic Compounds, where I described our work in the field. It fit the prediction that aromaticity would be found in systems with 4n + 2 pi electrons, where n is an integer. I was also concerned with the properties of monocyclic systems with 4n cyclically conjugated pi electrons. They were expected not to be aromatic, but the interesting question was whether they were actually antiaromatic, especially destabilized by the cyclic conjugation in such 4n species as the cyclopropenyl anion, cyclobutadiene, and cyclopentadienyl cation. The evidence supports antiaromaticity in these cases. We also examined compounds where 4n cyclic pi systems were fused with aromatic systems, and most interestingly systems in which two 4n pi systems were fused. In these cases the periphery of the molecules had 4n + 2 pi electrons, for aromaticity, but the components were antiaromatic. Recently we have studied electrical conductivities in aromatic molecules such as thiophene and saw that aromaticity added resistance to the systems, so non-aromatic compounds are better conductors and antiaromatic compounds are predicted to be the best of all.