Modupe Akinrele Kuti1, Olubukola Adeponle Adesina2, Oluwatosin Alaba Awolude2, Babatunde Oluwatosin Ogunbosi3, Samuel Adetona Fayemiwo4, Joshua Odunayo Akinyemi5, Adedotun Adeyinka Adetunji6, Achiaka Emmanuelle Irabor6, Georgina Njideka Odaibo7, Okonkwo Prosper8, Babafemi Olapoju Taiwo9, David Olaleye7, Robert L Murphy9, Phyllis Kanki10, Isaac Folorunso Adewole2. 1. Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria modupekuti@yahoo.com. 2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. 3. Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. 4. Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. 5. Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. 6. Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. 7. Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. 8. AIDS Prevention Iniative in Nigeria (APIN), Abuja, Nigeria. 9. Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. 10. Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract
AIMS: This study aimed to describe the prevalence and pattern of lipid abnormalities among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive HIV patients, understand if there is any relationship to virologic and immunologic status, and discuss the implications for care. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in which baseline demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of all ART-naive HIV-infected individuals recruited into the adult ARV clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan, between January and December 2006, were analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 1316 ART-naive HIV-infected persons were recruited in the period. Females subjects and participants aged ≦35 years accounted for 67.1% and 57.7% of all participants, respectively. At least 1 abnormal lipid fraction was seen in 73.3% of participants. It was observed that in 11.5% participants the total cholesterol (TC) was ≧5.2 mmol/L, in 2.7% the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)-C was >4.1 mmol/L in 56.5% the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)-C was <1.0 mmol/L, and in 27.6% the triglyceride (TG) was >1.7 mmol/L. The TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C were all significantly positively correlated with CD4 counts and negatively correlated with viral load. On the contrary, the TG levels were negatively correlated with CD4 counts and positively correlated with viral load. Multivariate linear analysis showed a significant relationship between all the lipid parameters and viral load. CD4 counts were only significantly associated with TC. CONCLUSIONS: A significant burden of dyslipidemia exists among ART-naive HIV-infected persons. Low HDL-C was the most frequently observed abnormality. The abnormalities related more with viral load levels than with CD4 counts. Dyslipidemia screening should be done in ART-naive HIV-infected persons. Simple healthy lifestyle changes should be emphasized, with other care given to those with the disorder.
AIMS: This study aimed to describe the prevalence and pattern of lipid abnormalities among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive HIVpatients, understand if there is any relationship to virologic and immunologic status, and discuss the implications for care. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in which baseline demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of all ART-naive HIV-infected individuals recruited into the adult ARV clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan, between January and December 2006, were analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 1316 ART-naive HIV-infectedpersons were recruited in the period. Females subjects and participants aged ≦35 years accounted for 67.1% and 57.7% of all participants, respectively. At least 1 abnormal lipid fraction was seen in 73.3% of participants. It was observed that in 11.5% participants the total cholesterol (TC) was ≧5.2 mmol/L, in 2.7% the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)-C was >4.1 mmol/L in 56.5% the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)-C was <1.0 mmol/L, and in 27.6% the triglyceride (TG) was >1.7 mmol/L. The TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C were all significantly positively correlated with CD4 counts and negatively correlated with viral load. On the contrary, the TG levels were negatively correlated with CD4 counts and positively correlated with viral load. Multivariate linear analysis showed a significant relationship between all the lipid parameters and viral load. CD4 counts were only significantly associated with TC. CONCLUSIONS: A significant burden of dyslipidemia exists among ART-naive HIV-infectedpersons. Low HDL-C was the most frequently observed abnormality. The abnormalities related more with viral load levels than with CD4 counts. Dyslipidemia screening should be done in ART-naive HIV-infectedpersons. Simple healthy lifestyle changes should be emphasized, with other care given to those with the disorder.