Preparation and properties of human red-cell ankyrin.

We describe a procedure for the preparation of ankyrin from human red cells with a yield of 2-3 mg of protein from 30 ml of packed cells. This represents an improvement of an order of magnitude over the usual earlier procedure. Moreover, the product is, in our hands, much more stable against adsorption and proteolysis, and can in general be stored for at least 2 months at 4 degrees C without significant decrease in concentration and binding activity. The preparation depends on the release of the ankyrin-band-3 complex from the membrane cytoskeleton when intact cells are lysed in a medium containing concentrated Triton X-100. The complex is dissociated at high ionic strength, and the final purification is achieved by gel filtration in a medium containing 2 M-Tris or 0.6 M-NaBr. The ankyrin contains all the progression of components present in the intact membrane. All react with affinity-purified polyclonal anti-ankyrin antibodies, and all give widely similar patterns of peptides in partial proteolytic digests. The ankyrin is fully active, as judged by its capacity to bind to band-3-containing membrane vesicles and to Sepharose-coupled spectrin. All components bind to the membrane vesicles. Purified components 2.1 and 2.2, as well as the calmodulin-binding cytoskeletal constituent adducin, can be isolated in pure form by a single anion-exchange column step.