OBJECTIVES: Because of the increasing prevalence of dementia worldwide, combined with limited healthcare expenditures, a better understanding of the main cost drivers of dementia in different care settings is needed. METHODS: A systematic review of cost-of-illness (COI) studies in dementia was conducted from 2003 to 2012, searching the following databases: PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect (Embase) and National Health Service Economic Evaluations Database. Costs (per patient) by care setting were analyzed for total, direct, indirect and informal costs and related to the following: (1) cost perspective and (2) disease severity. RESULTS: In total, 27 studies from 14 different healthcare systems were evaluated. In the included studies, total annual costs for dementia of up to $70,911 per patient (mixed setting) were estimated (average estimate of total costs = $30,554). The shares of cost categories in the total costs for dementia indicate significant differences for different care settings. Overall main cost drivers of dementia are informal costs due to home based long term care and nursing home expenditures rather than direct medical costs (inpatient and outpatient services, medication). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this review highlight the significant economic burden of dementia for patients, families and healthcare systems and thus are important for future health policy planning. The significant variation of cost estimates for different care settings underlines the need to understand and address the financial burden of dementia from both perspectives. For health policy planning in dementia, future COI studies should follow a quality standard protocol with clearly defined cost components and separate estimates by care setting and disease severity.
OBJECTIVES: Because of the increasing prevalence of dementia worldwide, combined with limited healthcare expenditures, a better understanding of the main cost drivers of dementia in different care settings is needed. METHODS: A systematic review of cost-of-illness (COI) studies in dementia was conducted from 2003 to 2012, searching the following databases: PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect (Embase) and National Health Service Economic Evaluations Database. Costs (per patient) by care setting were analyzed for total, direct, indirect and informal costs and related to the following: (1) cost perspective and (2) disease severity. RESULTS: In total, 27 studies from 14 different healthcare systems were evaluated. In the included studies, total annual costs for dementia of up to $70,911 per patient (mixed setting) were estimated (average estimate of total costs = $30,554). The shares of cost categories in the total costs for dementia indicate significant differences for different care settings. Overall main cost drivers of dementia are informal costs due to home based long term care and nursing home expenditures rather than direct medical costs (inpatient and outpatient services, medication). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this review highlight the significant economic burden of dementia for patients, families and healthcare systems and thus are important for future health policy planning. The significant variation of cost estimates for different care settings underlines the need to understand and address the financial burden of dementia from both perspectives. For health policy planning in dementia, future COI studies should follow a quality standard protocol with clearly defined cost components and separate estimates by care setting and disease severity.
Authors: William James Deardorff; Phillip L Liu; Richard Sloane; Courtney Van Houtven; Carl F Pieper; Susan Nicole Hastings; Harvey J Cohen; Heather E Whitson Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2019-03-29 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Quincy M Samus; Betty Smith Black; Diane Bovenkamp; Michael Buckley; Christopher Callahan; Karen Davis; Laura N Gitlin; Nancy Hodgson; Deirdre Johnston; Helen C Kales; Michele Karel; John Jay Kenney; Shari M Ling; Maï Panchal; Melissa Reuland; Amber Willink; Constantine G Lyketsos Journal: Alzheimers Dement Date: 2017-11-21 Impact factor: 21.566
Authors: Changzheng Yuan; Elinor Fondell; Alberto Ascherio; Olivia I Okereke; Francine Grodstein; Albert Hofman; Walter C Willett Journal: J Nutr Date: 2020-07-01 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Juan Oliva-Moreno; Marta Trapero-Bertran; Luz Maria Peña-Longobardo; Raúl Del Pozo-Rubio Journal: Pharmacoeconomics Date: 2017-03 Impact factor: 4.981
Authors: Arijita Deb; Usha Sambamoorthi; James Douglas Thornton; Bernard Schreurs; Kim Innes Journal: Aging Ment Health Date: 2017-02-08 Impact factor: 3.658