Sunil Bahl1, Howard E Gary2, Hamid Jafari3, Bidyut K Sarkar4, Surendra K Pathyarch1, Raman Sethi1, Jagadish Deshpande5. 1. National Polio Surveillance Project, WHO Country Office for India, New Delhi. 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Global Health, Global Immunization Division, Atlanta, Georgia. 3. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. 4. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, United Kingdom. 5. Enterovirus Research Center, Mumbai, India.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite intensified use of monovalent oral poliovirus type 1 vaccine and improved coverage of immunization campaigns, wild poliovirus type 1 persisted in Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar during 2006 to 2009. METHODS: A serosurvey was conducted among cases of acute flaccid paralysis in the 25 high-polio-incidence districts of western Uttar Pradesh. Children were recruited by age group (6-11 months, 12-24 months, and 25-69 months) from among cases reported through the acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system between November 2008 and August 2009. RESULTS: Seroprevalence for type 1 wild poliovirus was >96.4% for each age group. The seroprevalence of wild poliovirus types 2 and 3 increased with age, from 36.7% to 73.4% for type 2 and from 39.0% to 74.1% for type 3. In addition to the number of type-specific vaccine doses, father's level of education, being from a Muslim family, height for age, and female sex were the socioeconomic risk factors associated with seronegativity to poliovirus. CONCLUSIONS: The seroprevalence and risk factors identified in this study were consistent with the epidemiology of polio, and the findings were instrumental in optimizing vaccination strategy in western Uttar Pradesh with respect to the choice of OPV types, the frequency of supplementary immunization campaigns, and the urgency to improve routine immunization services.
BACKGROUND: Despite intensified use of monovalent oral poliovirus type 1 vaccine and improved coverage of immunization campaigns, wild poliovirus type 1 persisted in Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar during 2006 to 2009. METHODS: A serosurvey was conducted among cases of acute flaccid paralysis in the 25 high-polio-incidence districts of western Uttar Pradesh. Children were recruited by age group (6-11 months, 12-24 months, and 25-69 months) from among cases reported through the acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system between November 2008 and August 2009. RESULTS: Seroprevalence for type 1 wild poliovirus was >96.4% for each age group. The seroprevalence of wild poliovirus types 2 and 3 increased with age, from 36.7% to 73.4% for type 2 and from 39.0% to 74.1% for type 3. In addition to the number of type-specific vaccine doses, father's level of education, being from a Muslim family, height for age, and female sex were the socioeconomic risk factors associated with seronegativity to poliovirus. CONCLUSIONS: The seroprevalence and risk factors identified in this study were consistent with the epidemiology of polio, and the findings were instrumental in optimizing vaccination strategy in western Uttar Pradesh with respect to the choice of OPV types, the frequency of supplementary immunization campaigns, and the urgency to improve routine immunization services.
Authors: Imtiaz Hussain; Ondrej Mach; Atif Habib; Zaid Bhatti; Zamir Suhag; M Steven Oberste; William C Weldon; Roland W Sutter; Sajid B Soofi; Zulfiqar A Bhutta Journal: Pediatr Infect Dis J Date: 2017-09 Impact factor: 3.806
Authors: Oumar Guindo; Ondrej Mach; Seydou Doumbia; Daniel K Ekra; Abdoul H Beavogui; William C Weldon; M Steven Oberste; Roland W Sutter Journal: Vaccine Date: 2018-01-19 Impact factor: 4.169
Authors: Richter Razafindratsimandresy; Ondrej Mach; Jean-Michel Heraud; Barivola Bernardson; William C Weldon; M Steven Oberste; Roland W Sutter Journal: Heliyon Date: 2018-03-07
Authors: Sani Ousmane; Dan Dano Ibrahim; Ajay Goel; William S Hendley; Bernardo A Mainou; Tess Palmer; Aissata Diaha; Sharon A Greene; Ondrej Mach Journal: Open Forum Infect Dis Date: 2021-05-06 Impact factor: 3.835
Authors: Arend Voorman; Nicole A Hoff; Reena H Doshi; Vivian Alfonso; Patrick Mukadi; Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum; Emile Okitolonda Wemakoy; Ado Bwaka; William Weldon; Sue Gerber; Anne W Rimoin Journal: Vaccine Date: 2017-09-04 Impact factor: 3.641