Transplant renal artery stenosis.

A group of 31 patients with transplant renal artery stenoses was identified among 2002 patients undergoing renal transplantation at the University of Minnesota; 29 of the stenoses were at the anastomosis. A total of 43 procedures were performed to correct the stenosis. Angioplasty was performed 25 times, with 3 patients cured and 2 patients improved; 20 procedures resulted in a poor result (3) or a failure (17). The failures were usually due to recurrent stenosis (7 patients) or to arterial injury that resulted in graft loss (4 patients) or successful emergency surgery to save the transplant (3 cases). Surgical repair of the stenosis was performed 18 times. No grafts were lost and 13 patients were cured or improved. These data suggest that angioplasty for anastomotic stenosis yields poor results and that a surgical repair is probably warranted. All 7 patients who had a poor results or failed a technically successful intervention did not have a rise in creatinine secondary to captopril or had a systolic pressure gradient of less than 60 mmHg across the anastomosis. These data also suggest that patients without physiological evidence of renal artery stenosis may not have improvement in their hypertension following repair.