Klaus Kaae Andersen1, Susanne Oksbjerg Dalton1, Marianne Steding-Jessen1, Tom Skyhøj Olsen2. 1. From the Section of Statistics, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.K.A., S.O.D., M.S.-J.); and Stroke Unit, Frederiksberg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark (T.S.O.). 2. From the Section of Statistics, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.K.A., S.O.D., M.S.-J.); and Stroke Unit, Frederiksberg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark (T.S.O.). tso@dadlnet.dk.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The risk for stroke is higher in low-income groups. It is not clear whether these groups also have a higher risk for death after a stroke. METHODS: We studied survival in relation to income and level of education in all patients aged >40 years admitted to hospital for stroke in Denmark in 2003 to 2012. All Danish hospitals report data to the Danish Stroke Register for all patients admitted for acute stroke, including age, sex, stroke severity, subtype, and a cardiovascular risk profile. Information on income and education was obtained from Statistics Denmark; deaths from all causes from the Civil Registration Registry. RESULTS: Information on education and disposable income was available for 56 581 Danes hospitalized for stroke during the 9.5-year study period. Median length of follow-up was 3.1 years. For the entire follow-up period, there was a significant, stepwise, independent relation between income and risk for death after stroke, which was 30% higher for the lowest than for the highest quintile income group (relative risk, 0.70, 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.74). People aged <65 years with basic education had a slightly higher risk for death than those with the longest (relative risk, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.30). Death within 1 month was not associated with income or education. CONCLUSIONS: The survival of patients with low income was reduced by 30% as compared with those with high income. Education had only a modest effect and only in patients aged <65 years. The impact of socioeconomic position was on late but not on early poststroke death.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The risk for stroke is higher in low-income groups. It is not clear whether these groups also have a higher risk for death after a stroke. METHODS: We studied survival in relation to income and level of education in all patients aged >40 years admitted to hospital for stroke in Denmark in 2003 to 2012. All Danish hospitals report data to the Danish Stroke Register for all patients admitted for acute stroke, including age, sex, stroke severity, subtype, and a cardiovascular risk profile. Information on income and education was obtained from Statistics Denmark; deaths from all causes from the Civil Registration Registry. RESULTS: Information on education and disposable income was available for 56 581 Danes hospitalized for stroke during the 9.5-year study period. Median length of follow-up was 3.1 years. For the entire follow-up period, there was a significant, stepwise, independent relation between income and risk for death after stroke, which was 30% higher for the lowest than for the highest quintile income group (relative risk, 0.70, 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.74). People aged <65 years with basic education had a slightly higher risk for death than those with the longest (relative risk, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.30). Death within 1 month was not associated with income or education. CONCLUSIONS: The survival of patients with low income was reduced by 30% as compared with those with high income. Education had only a modest effect and only in patients aged <65 years. The impact of socioeconomic position was on late but not on early poststroke death.