INTRODUCTION: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, the association between change in ED status over time and future underlying CVD risk is unclear. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between change in ED status and Framingham CVD risk, as well change in Framingham risk. METHODS: We studied 965 men free of CVD in the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Survey, a longitudinal cohort study with three assessments. ED was assessed with the five-item International Index of Erectile Function at BACH I (2002-2005) and BACH II (2007-2010) and classified as no ED/transient ED/persistent ED. CVD risk was assessed with 10-year Framingham CVD risk algorithm at BACH I and BACH III (2010-2012). Linear regression models controlled for baseline age, socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, as well as baseline Framingham risk. Models were also stratified by age (≥/< 50 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Framingham CVD risk and change in Framingham CVD risk were the main outcome measures. RESULTS: Transient and persistent ED was significantly associated with increased Framingham risk and change in risk over time in univariate and age-adjusted models. In younger men, persistent ED was associated with a Framingham risk that was 1.58 percentage points higher (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11, 3.06) and in older men, a Framingham risk that was 2.54 percentage points higher (95% CI: -1.5, 6.59), compared with those without ED. Change in Framingham risk over time was also associated with transient and persistent ED in men <50 years, but not in older men. CONCLUSIONS: Data suggest that even after taking into account other CVD risk factors, transient and persistent ED is associated with Framingham CVD risk and a greater increase in Framingham risk over time, particularly in younger men. Findings further support clinical assessment of CVD risk in men presenting with ED, especially those under 50 years.
INTRODUCTION:Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, the association between change in ED status over time and future underlying CVD risk is unclear. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between change in ED status and Framingham CVD risk, as well change in Framingham risk. METHODS: We studied 965 men free of CVD in the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Survey, a longitudinal cohort study with three assessments. ED was assessed with the five-item International Index of Erectile Function at BACH I (2002-2005) and BACH II (2007-2010) and classified as no ED/transient ED/persistent ED. CVD risk was assessed with 10-year Framingham CVD risk algorithm at BACH I and BACH III (2010-2012). Linear regression models controlled for baseline age, socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, as well as baseline Framingham risk. Models were also stratified by age (≥/< 50 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Framingham CVD risk and change in Framingham CVD risk were the main outcome measures. RESULTS: Transient and persistent ED was significantly associated with increased Framingham risk and change in risk over time in univariate and age-adjusted models. In younger men, persistent ED was associated with a Framingham risk that was 1.58 percentage points higher (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11, 3.06) and in older men, a Framingham risk that was 2.54 percentage points higher (95% CI: -1.5, 6.59), compared with those without ED. Change in Framingham risk over time was also associated with transient and persistent ED in men <50 years, but not in older men. CONCLUSIONS: Data suggest that even after taking into account other CVD risk factors, transient and persistent ED is associated with Framingham CVD risk and a greater increase in Framingham risk over time, particularly in younger men. Findings further support clinical assessment of CVD risk in men presenting with ED, especially those under 50 years.
Authors: Andre B Araujo; Susan A Hall; Peter Ganz; Gretchen R Chiu; Raymond C Rosen; Varant Kupelian; Thomas G Travison; John B McKinlay Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2010-01-26 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Michael Böhm; Magnus Baumhäkel; Koon Teo; Peter Sleight; Jeffrey Probstfield; Peggy Gao; Johannes F Mann; Rafael Diaz; Gilles R Dagenais; Garry L R Jennings; Lisheng Liu; Petr Jansky; Salim Yusuf Journal: Circulation Date: 2010-03-15 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Thomas G Travison; Ridwan Shabsigh; Andre B Araujo; Varant Kupelian; Amy B O'Donnell; John B McKinlay Journal: J Urol Date: 2007-01 Impact factor: 7.450
Authors: Brant A Inman; Jennifer L St Sauver; Debra J Jacobson; Michaela E McGree; Ajay Nehra; Michael M Lieber; Véronique L Roger; Steven J Jacobsen Journal: Mayo Clin Proc Date: 2009-02 Impact factor: 7.616
Authors: Andre B Araujo; Thomas G Travison; Peter Ganz; Gretchen R Chiu; Varant Kupelian; Raymond C Rosen; Susan A Hall; John B McKinlay Journal: J Sex Med Date: 2009-06-15 Impact factor: 3.802
Authors: Ralph B D'Agostino; Ramachandran S Vasan; Michael J Pencina; Philip A Wolf; Mark Cobain; Joseph M Massaro; William B Kannel Journal: Circulation Date: 2008-01-22 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: B W V Schouten; A M Bohnen; J L H R Bosch; R M D Bernsen; J W Deckers; G R Dohle; S Thomas Journal: Int J Impot Res Date: 2007-08-30 Impact factor: 2.896
Authors: Heiko Yang; Benjamin N Breyer; Eric B Rimm; Edward Giovannucci; Stacy Loeb; Stacey A Kenfield; Scott R Bauer Journal: BJU Int Date: 2022-06-09 Impact factor: 5.969
Authors: Scott R Bauer; Benjamin N Breyer; Meir J Stampfer; Eric B Rimm; Edward L Giovannucci; Stacey A Kenfield Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2020-11-02