A tiny new species of leaf insect (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae) from New Guinea.

The female and egg of the new Papuan leaf insect Phyllium (Phyllium) riedeli n. sp. are described and illustrated. The species belongs in the siccifolium species-group of the subgenus Phyllium and, with a body length of 56.3 mm, represents the smallest leaf insect so far described for the genus. The type-specimens are stored in the State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe, Germany (SMNK). A checklist and key is provided for the New Guinean representatives of Phyllium (Phyllium) Illiger, 1798.