Chen-long Li1, Ying Chen1, Jin Shan1, Shao-juan Hao2, Lei Jin3, Feng-hua Qing4, Tian-yu Zhang5. 1. Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 2. Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. 3. Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. 4. Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 5. Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory, National Ministry of Public Health, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: ty.zhang2006@aliyun.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Although congenital microtia has been reported in various studies, little is known about the etiology of isolated and sporadic cases. The aim was to analyze potential risk factors for isolated and sporadic microtia using case-control study in East China. METHODS: The study analyzed data from the hospital-based recruitment for deliveries between 2007 and 2013. Nine hundred eleven patients with microtia enrolled in the phenotypic characterization analysis, and then were adjusted by sex, age, region, syndrome and family history to compare with 562 random normal controls for potential risk factors. RESULTS: Microtia is observed more often in males (69.7%), and the cases were typically unilateral (74.0%), right-sided (57.2%), sporadic (92.0%) and isolated (69.5%). Mothers of children with microtia were more likely to have suffered a periconceptional cold-like syndrome as well as to have had a history of previous spontaneous abortion. Inflammatory infection (aOR, 3.56; 95% CI, 2.07-6.13) and chemical exposure (aOR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.78-4.32) was associated with a higher risk of microtia. However, threatened abortion was not the risk factor (aOR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.78-1.67), using progesterone may increase the risk (aOR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.03-3.59). CONCLUSION: The results of phenotypic characterization analysis were similar to other studies. By controlling the effects of potential confounders, some risk factors could be teratogens of isolated and sporadic microtia in East China.
OBJECTIVE: Although congenital microtia has been reported in various studies, little is known about the etiology of isolated and sporadic cases. The aim was to analyze potential risk factors for isolated and sporadic microtia using case-control study in East China. METHODS: The study analyzed data from the hospital-based recruitment for deliveries between 2007 and 2013. Nine hundred eleven patients with microtia enrolled in the phenotypic characterization analysis, and then were adjusted by sex, age, region, syndrome and family history to compare with 562 random normal controls for potential risk factors. RESULTS:Microtia is observed more often in males (69.7%), and the cases were typically unilateral (74.0%), right-sided (57.2%), sporadic (92.0%) and isolated (69.5%). Mothers of children with microtia were more likely to have suffered a periconceptional cold-like syndrome as well as to have had a history of previous spontaneous abortion. Inflammatory infection (aOR, 3.56; 95% CI, 2.07-6.13) and chemical exposure (aOR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.78-4.32) was associated with a higher risk of microtia. However, threatened abortion was not the risk factor (aOR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.78-1.67), using progesterone may increase the risk (aOR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.03-3.59). CONCLUSION: The results of phenotypic characterization analysis were similar to other studies. By controlling the effects of potential confounders, some risk factors could be teratogens of isolated and sporadic microtia in East China.
Authors: Rena L J Cruz; Maureen T Ross; Jacob Skewes; Mark C Allenby; Sean K Powell; Maria A Woodruff Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2020-07-10 Impact factor: 4.379