Mariasanta Napolitano1, Giorgia Saccullo1, Alessandra Malato1, Delia Sprini1, Walter Ageno1, Davide Imberti1, Doris Mascheroni1, Eugenio Bucherini1, Pina Gallucci1, Andrea D'Alessio1, Tullia Prantera1, Pietro Spadaro1, Stefano Rotondo1, Pierpaolo Di Micco1, Vincenzo Oriana1, Oreste Urbano1, Francesco Recchia1, Angelo Ghirarduzzi1, Lucio Lo Coco1, Salvatrice Mancuso1, Alessandra Casuccio1, Giovam Battista Rini1, Sergio Siragusa2. 1. Mariasanta Napolitano, Giorgia Saccullo, Alessandra Malato, Delia Sprini, Lucio Lo Coco, Salvatrice Mancuso, Alessandra Casuccio, Giovam Battista Rini, and Sergio Siragusa, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo; Walter Ageno, Università dell'Insubria, Varese; Davide Imberti, Ospedale di Piacenza, Piacenza; Doris Mascheroni, Istituto Clinico Villa Aprica, Como; Eugenio Bucherini, Ospedale di Faenza, Faenza Ravenna; Pina Gallucci, Centro Regionale Oncologico Basilicata, Rionero in Volture; Andrea D'Alessio, Policlinico San Marco, Zingonia; Tullia Prantera, Ospedale S. Giovanni di Dio, Crotone; Pietro Spadaro, Villa Salus, Messina; Stefano Rotondo, Centro Studi Neurolesi; Oreste Urbano, Ospedale Piemonte, Messina; Pierpaolo Di Micco, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, Napoli; Vincenzo Oriana, Azienda Ospedaliera di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria; Francesco Recchia, Ospedale di Avezzano, Avezzano; and Angelo Ghirarduzzi, Azienda Ospedaliera di Reggio Emilia Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy. 2. Mariasanta Napolitano, Giorgia Saccullo, Alessandra Malato, Delia Sprini, Lucio Lo Coco, Salvatrice Mancuso, Alessandra Casuccio, Giovam Battista Rini, and Sergio Siragusa, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo; Walter Ageno, Università dell'Insubria, Varese; Davide Imberti, Ospedale di Piacenza, Piacenza; Doris Mascheroni, Istituto Clinico Villa Aprica, Como; Eugenio Bucherini, Ospedale di Faenza, Faenza Ravenna; Pina Gallucci, Centro Regionale Oncologico Basilicata, Rionero in Volture; Andrea D'Alessio, Policlinico San Marco, Zingonia; Tullia Prantera, Ospedale S. Giovanni di Dio, Crotone; Pietro Spadaro, Villa Salus, Messina; Stefano Rotondo, Centro Studi Neurolesi; Oreste Urbano, Ospedale Piemonte, Messina; Pierpaolo Di Micco, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, Napoli; Vincenzo Oriana, Azienda Ospedaliera di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria; Francesco Recchia, Ospedale di Avezzano, Avezzano; and Angelo Ghirarduzzi, Azienda Ospedaliera di Reggio Emilia Arcispedale S. Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy. sergio.siragusa@unipa.it.
Abstract
PURPOSE: We evaluated the role of residual vein thrombosis (RVT) to assess the optimal duration of anticoagulants in patients with cancer who have deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with active cancer and a first episode of DVT treated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for 6 months were eligible. Patients were managed according to RVT findings: those with RVT were randomly assigned to continue LMWH for an additional 6 months (group A1) or to discontinue it (group A2), and patients without RVT stopped LMWH (group B). The primary end point was recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) during the 1 year after disconinuation of LMWH, and the secondary end point was major bleeding. Analyses are from the time of random assignment. RESULTS:Between October 2005 and April 2010, 347 patients were enrolled. RVT was detected in 242 patients (69.7%); recurrence occurred in 22 of the 119 patients in group A1compared with 27 of 123 patients in group A2. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for group A2 versus A1 was 1.37 (95% CI, 0.7 to 2.5; P = .311). Three of the 105 patients in group B developed recurrent VTE; adjusted HR for group A1 versus B was 6.0 (95% CI, 1.7 to 21.2; P = .005). Three major bleeding events occurred in group A1, and two events each occurred in groups A2 and B. The HR for major bleeding in group A1 versus group A2 was 3.78 (95% CI, 0.77 to 18.58; P = .102). Overall, 42 patients (12.1%) died during follow-up as a result of cancer progression. CONCLUSION: In patients with cancer with a first DVT, treated for 6 months with LMWH, absence of RVT identifies a population at low risk for recurrent thrombotic events. Continuation of LMWH in patients with RVT up to 1 year did not reduce recurrent VTE.
RCT Entities:
PURPOSE: We evaluated the role of residual vein thrombosis (RVT) to assess the optimal duration of anticoagulants in patients with cancer who have deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with active cancer and a first episode of DVT treated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for 6 months were eligible. Patients were managed according to RVT findings: those with RVT were randomly assigned to continue LMWH for an additional 6 months (group A1) or to discontinue it (group A2), and patients without RVT stopped LMWH (group B). The primary end point was recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) during the 1 year after disconinuation of LMWH, and the secondary end point was major bleeding. Analyses are from the time of random assignment. RESULTS: Between October 2005 and April 2010, 347 patients were enrolled. RVT was detected in 242 patients (69.7%); recurrence occurred in 22 of the 119 patients in group A1compared with 27 of 123 patients in group A2. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for group A2 versus A1 was 1.37 (95% CI, 0.7 to 2.5; P = .311). Three of the 105 patients in group B developed recurrent VTE; adjusted HR for group A1 versus B was 6.0 (95% CI, 1.7 to 21.2; P = .005). Three major bleeding events occurred in group A1, and two events each occurred in groups A2 and B. The HR for major bleeding in group A1 versus group A2 was 3.78 (95% CI, 0.77 to 18.58; P = .102). Overall, 42 patients (12.1%) died during follow-up as a result of cancer progression. CONCLUSION: In patients with cancer with a first DVT, treated for 6 months with LMWH, absence of RVT identifies a population at low risk for recurrent thrombotic events. Continuation of LMWH in patients with RVT up to 1 year did not reduce recurrent VTE.
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