Victoria Bevilacqua1, Man Khun Chan2, Yunqi Chen2, David Armbruster3, Beth Schodin3, Khosrow Adeli1. 1. CALIPER Program, Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 2. CALIPER Program, Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, and. 3. Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cancer biomarkers are commonly used in pediatrics to monitor cancer progression, recurrence, and prognosis, but pediatric reference value distributions have not been well established for these markers. The Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) sought to develop a pediatric database of covariate-stratified reference value distributions for 11 key circulating tumor markers, including those used in assessment of patients with childhood or adult cancers. METHODS: Healthy community children from birth to 18 years of age were recruited to participate in the CALIPER project with informed parental consent. We analyzed serum samples from 400-700 children (depending on the analyte in question) on the Abbott Architect ci4100 and established reference intervals for α-fetoprotein (AFP), antithyroglobulin (anti-Tg), human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), CA15-3, CA19-9, progastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), and total and free prostate specific antigen (PSA) according to CLSI C28-A3 statistical guidelines. RESULTS: We observed significant fluctuations in biomarker concentrations by age and/or sex in 10 of 11 biomarkers investigated. Age partitioning was required for CA153, CA125, CA19-9, CEA, SCC, proGRP, total and free PSA, HE4, and AFP, whereas sex partitioning was also required for CA125, CA19-9, and total and free PSA. CONCLUSIONS: This CALIPER study established a database of childhood reference intervals for 11 tumor biomarkers and revealed dramatic fluctuations in tumor marker concentrations between boys and girls and throughout childhood. In addition, important differences between the adult and pediatric population were observed, further highlighting the need for pediatric-specific reference intervals.
BACKGROUND:Cancer biomarkers are commonly used in pediatrics to monitor cancer progression, recurrence, and prognosis, but pediatric reference value distributions have not been well established for these markers. The Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Pediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) sought to develop a pediatric database of covariate-stratified reference value distributions for 11 key circulating tumor markers, including those used in assessment of patients with childhood or adult cancers. METHODS: Healthy community children from birth to 18 years of age were recruited to participate in the CALIPER project with informed parental consent. We analyzed serum samples from 400-700 children (depending on the analyte in question) on the Abbott Architect ci4100 and established reference intervals for α-fetoprotein (AFP), antithyroglobulin (anti-Tg), humanepididymis protein 4 (HE4), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), CA15-3, CA19-9, progastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), and total and free prostate specific antigen (PSA) according to CLSI C28-A3 statistical guidelines. RESULTS: We observed significant fluctuations in biomarker concentrations by age and/or sex in 10 of 11 biomarkers investigated. Age partitioning was required for CA153, CA125, CA19-9, CEA, SCC, proGRP, total and free PSA, HE4, and AFP, whereas sex partitioning was also required for CA125, CA19-9, and total and free PSA. CONCLUSIONS: This CALIPER study established a database of childhood reference intervals for 11 tumor biomarkers and revealed dramatic fluctuations in tumor marker concentrations between boys and girls and throughout childhood. In addition, important differences between the adult and pediatric population were observed, further highlighting the need for pediatric-specific reference intervals.
Authors: Naila A Shaheen; Hina Rehan; Areej Moghairi; Giamal Gmati; Moussab Damlaj; Hind Salama; Mushtaq Rather; May Anne Mendoza; Abeer Alanazi; Bader Al Ahmari; Mohsen Al Zahrani; Ayman Al-Hejazi; Ahmed S Alaskar Journal: Front Med (Lausanne) Date: 2022-07-28
Authors: Houman Tahmasebi; Victoria Higgins; Angela W S Fung; Dorothy Truong; Nicole M A White-Al Habeeb; Khosrow Adeli Journal: EJIFCC Date: 2017-03-08