Photodynamic therapy effect in an intraocular retinoblastoma-like tumour assessed by an in vivo to in vitro colony forming assay.

Cell survival was investigated in an intraocular retinoblastoma-like tumour 30 min to 48 h after photodynamic therapy. The survival of the cells was assessed by an in vivo to in vitro colony forming assay, estimated by either the plating efficiency of the treated tumour cells compared to non-treated cells or the number of clonogenic cells per mg excised tumour. Curves showing cell survival as a function of the time between light irradiation and excision of the intraocular tumours were biphasic. This suggests more than one PDT tissue destruction mechanism in vivo (i.e. an early direct cell damage plus a subsequent late damage occurring in the tumour tissue left in situ after treatment). The delayed mechanism may be due to changes in the environment of the tumours probably caused by vascular damage. Tumour cells sensitised by Photofrin II in vivo and excised from the eyes were damaged by light when irradiated in vitro and this was dependent on the light energy dose. This showed that cellular Photofrin II uptake in the eye tumours was sufficient for direct cell damage and thus supports the suggestion that direct and indirect tumour destruction occurs in this eye tumour after photodynamic therapy.