Jinxia Wu1, Miaomiao Sang2, Wenjia Cao2, Junnian Zheng3, Dongsheng Pei2. 1. Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China;Research Institute of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China. 2. Research Institute of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China. 3. Research Institute of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China;Center of Clinical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rap2a, a member of the small GTPase superfamily, plays a critical role in regulating the function of integrin and cell adhesion, thereby controlling cell motility and cell/matrix interactions. However, the function of Rap2a in carcinogenesis is still poorly understood. To clone Rap2a cDNA, which belongs to human Ras-related small G protein superfamily, we constructed its eukaryotic expression vector and determined its expression in lung cancer cells. The aim of this study is to explore the role of Rap2a in carcinogenesis. METHODS: The levels of endogenous Rap2a protein in lung cancer cells were measured by Western blot. Total RNA of human osteosarcoma cells U2OS was extracted and reverse-transcribed into cDNA by RT-PCR. Then, Rap2a gene was amplified by PCR and inserted into pcDNA3.1(+). The reconstructed plasmid was identified by restricted enzyme digestion and sequencing. pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a was transfected into H1299 and A549 cells, the expression of Rap2a was detected by Western blot. In addition, the migratory abilities of lung cancer cells were evaluated by Transwell assay. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 enzyme activity was evaluated by gelatin zymography. RESULTS: Rap2a is significantly upregulated in lung cancer cells. The results of enzyme digestion and sequencing showed that the coding sequence of pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a was right and was inserted into the vector correctly. The results of Western blot showed that H1299 and A549 cells were transfected successfully. Transwell assay indicated that the ectopic expression of Rap2a promotes lung cancer cells migration. Correspondly, enzyme activity of MMP2 also increased. CONCLUSIONS: Eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a was constructed successfully. Rap2a could be expressed in lung cancer cells efficiently and promotes lung cancer cell migration.
BACKGROUND:Rap2a, a member of the small GTPase superfamily, plays a critical role in regulating the function of integrin and cell adhesion, thereby controlling cell motility and cell/matrix interactions. However, the function of Rap2a in carcinogenesis is still poorly understood. To clone Rap2a cDNA, which belongs to human Ras-related small G protein superfamily, we constructed its eukaryotic expression vector and determined its expression in lung cancer cells. The aim of this study is to explore the role of Rap2a in carcinogenesis. METHODS: The levels of endogenous Rap2a protein in lung cancer cells were measured by Western blot. Total RNA of humanosteosarcoma cells U2OS was extracted and reverse-transcribed into cDNA by RT-PCR. Then, Rap2a gene was amplified by PCR and inserted into pcDNA3.1(+). The reconstructed plasmid was identified by restricted enzyme digestion and sequencing. pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a was transfected into H1299 and A549 cells, the expression of Rap2a was detected by Western blot. In addition, the migratory abilities of lung cancer cells were evaluated by Transwell assay. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 enzyme activity was evaluated by gelatin zymography. RESULTS:Rap2a is significantly upregulated in lung cancer cells. The results of enzyme digestion and sequencing showed that the coding sequence of pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a was right and was inserted into the vector correctly. The results of Western blot showed that H1299 and A549 cells were transfected successfully. Transwell assay indicated that the ectopic expression of Rap2a promotes lung cancer cells migration. Correspondly, enzyme activity of MMP2 also increased. CONCLUSIONS: Eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a was constructed successfully. Rap2a could be expressed in lung cancer cells efficiently and promotes lung cancer cell migration.
Rap2a protein expression in H1299 and A549 cell lines. A: Western blot was used to analyze the expression of Rap2a protein; B: Densitometric analysis of Rap2a. The intensity of Rap2a was quantified by densitometry (software: Image J, NIH). Compared with HUVEC group: **P < 0.01 (n=3).
Rap2a蛋白在肺癌细胞H1299和A549中的表达。A:Western blot检测Rap2a蛋白在各组中的表达;B:Rap2a蛋白灰度分析。与HUVEC组比较:**P < 0.01(n=3).Rap2a protein expression in H1299 and A549 cell lines. A: Western blot was used to analyze the expression of Rap2a protein; B: Densitometric analysis of Rap2a. The intensity of Rap2a was quantified by densitometry (software: Image J, NIH). Compared with HUVEC group: **P < 0.01 (n=3).
Rap2a of PCR amplification products. M: 1, 500 bp DNA Marker; S: Rap2a.
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pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a克隆构建。A:由左至右依次为M1:1, 500 bp DNA Marker;1:pcDNA3.1(+);2:pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a;3:pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a;M2:10, 000 bp DNA Marker;B:Rap2a测序结果峰图。
Vector construct of pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a. A is electrophoretogram of pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a, from left to right: DNA Marker, pcDNA3.1, pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a, pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a, DNA Marker; B is sequencing result of Rap2a.
PCR鉴定Rap2a电泳图。M:1, 500 bp DNA Marker;S:Rap2a。Rap2a of PCR amplification products. M: 1, 500 bp DNA Marker; S: Rap2a.pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a克隆构建。A:由左至右依次为M1:1, 500 bp DNA Marker;1:pcDNA3.1(+);2:pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a;3:pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a;M2:10, 000 bp DNA Marker;B:Rap2a测序结果峰图。Vector construct of pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a. A is electrophoretogram of pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a, from left to right: DNA Marker, pcDNA3.1, pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a, pcDNA3.1(+)-Rap2a, DNA Marker; B is sequencing result of Rap2a.
Western blot analyses of Rap2a after transfection with the Rap2a expressing vector. A: Western blot was used to analyze the expression of Rap2a protein after transfection with Rap2a; B: Densitometric analysis of Rap2a. The intensity of Rap2a was quantified by densitometry (software: Image J, NIH). Compared with vector group: **P < 0.01 (n=3).
转染Rap2a质粒后Western blot检测Rap2a蛋白的表达。A:Western blot检测Rap2a过表达效果;B:Rap2a蛋白灰度分析。与vector组比较:**P < 0.01 (n=3).Western blot analyses of Rap2a after transfection with the Rap2a expressing vector. A: Western blot was used to analyze the expression of Rap2a protein after transfection with Rap2a; B: Densitometric analysis of Rap2a. The intensity of Rap2a was quantified by densitometry (software: Image J, NIH). Compared with vector group: **P < 0.01 (n=3).
The impact of Rap2a overexpression on lung cancer cell migration (×100). A: Transwell were applied to test the impact of Rap2a expression on the cell migration of H1299 and A549 after transfection; B: Statistical figure of the numbers of cell permeating septum. Compared with vector group: **P < 0.01 (n=3).
Rap2a过表达后对肺癌细胞H1299和A549迁移能力的影响(×100)。A:Transwell检测细胞迁移能力。B:细胞穿膜细胞数统计图。与vector组比较:**P < 0.01 (n=3).The impact of Rap2a overexpression on lung cancer cell migration (×100). A: Transwell were applied to test the impact of Rap2a expression on the cell migration of H1299 and A549 after transfection; B: Statistical figure of the numbers of cell permeating septum. Compared with vector group: **P < 0.01 (n=3).
Gelatin zymography analysis of the relative enzyme activities of cleaved-MMP2 after overexpression of Rap2a. A: Gelatin zymography was used to analyze the expression of MMP2 after transfection with Rap2a; B: Densitometric analysis of MMP2. The intensity of MMP2 was quantified by densitometry (software: Image J, NIH). Compared with vector group: **P < 0.01 (n=3). MMP: matrix metalloproteinase.
Rap2a过表达后明胶酶谱检测细胞分泌MMP2的情况。A:明胶酶谱检测细胞分泌MMP2情况;B:MMP2灰度分析。与vector组比较:**P < 0.01 (n=3).Gelatin zymography analysis of the relative enzyme activities of cleaved-MMP2 after overexpression of Rap2a. A: Gelatin zymography was used to analyze the expression of MMP2 after transfection with Rap2a; B: Densitometric analysis of MMP2. The intensity of MMP2 was quantified by densitometry (software: Image J, NIH). Compared with vector group: **P < 0.01 (n=3). MMP: matrix metalloproteinase.
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