Mediation of antigen-induced suppression of renal allograft rejection by a CD4 (W3/25+) T cell.

The mechanism of induction of specific immunosuppression by preoperative donor-specific blood transfusion in the rodent remains unclear. In a previous study we demonstrated that a single LEW blood transfusion in a DA rat results in the generation of donor-specific suppressor cells in the lymph node and thoracic duct lymph, detectable both in vivo and in vitro 7 days after DST. In contrast, no such activity was found in the splenic compartment. In this study lymphoid cells were harvested from either untreated DA rats or DA rats transfused 7 days previously with LEW blood and purified by rosette depletion using appropriate monoclonal antibodies. The purified lymphocyte subpopulation from transfused rats, of splenic or TDL origin, was adoptively transferred into syngeneic, lightly irradiated (200 rads) DA rats, where the adoptive transfer of 4.25 x 10(7) T (OX12-negative) cells (98.9% pure) or 2.5 x 10(7) CD4 (i.e., W3/25-positive, OX8 and OX12-negative) cells (97.9% pure), both of TDL origin, resulted in the indefinite survival of a LEW kidney (median survival time [MST]greater than 100 days), but not a PVG kidney (MST = 11 days). In contrast lymphocytes of splenic origin, regardless of the phenotype, did not prolong graft survival. Thus we have phenotypically characterized a CD4 (W3/25+) T suppressor cell that is generated after a single DST and is detectable 7 days later in the TDL but not the splenic compartment. Although there was no significant difference in the lymphocyte subset composition of lymphoid organs from transfused and untreated hosts, as determined by flow cytometry, the mean channel fluorescence of the lymphocyte population markers of cells harvested from transfused animals was significantly less than that observed with untreated controls, a finding which remains unexplained.