Yi-Suk Kim1, Da-Yae Choi, Young-Chun Gil, Kyung-Seok Hu, Tanvaa Tansatit, Hee-Jin Kim. 1. *Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; †Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Center, BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea; ‡Department of Anatomy, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; §The Chula Soft Cadaver Surgical Training Center and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purposes of this study were to determine the morphological features and conceptualize the anatomical definition of the angular artery (AA) as an aid to practical operations in the clinical field. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one hemifaces from 17 Korean cadavers and 26 hemifaces from 13 Thai cadavers were dissected. RESULTS: The topography of the AA was classified into 4 types according to its course: Type I (persistent pattern), in which the AA traverses the lateral side of the nose (11%); Type II (detouring pattern), in which the AA traverses the cheek and tear trough area (18%); Type III (alternative pattern), in which the AA traverses the medial canthal area through a branch of the ophthalmic artery (22.8%); and Type IV (latent pattern), in which the AA is absent (26.3%). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study will contribute toward improved outcomes for cosmetic surgery involving the injection of facial filler by enhancing the understanding of AA anatomy.
BACKGROUND: The purposes of this study were to determine the morphological features and conceptualize the anatomical definition of the angular artery (AA) as an aid to practical operations in the clinical field. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one hemifaces from 17 Korean cadavers and 26 hemifaces from 13 Thai cadavers were dissected. RESULTS: The topography of the AA was classified into 4 types according to its course: Type I (persistent pattern), in which the AA traverses the lateral side of the nose (11%); Type II (detouring pattern), in which the AA traverses the cheek and tear trough area (18%); Type III (alternative pattern), in which the AA traverses the medial canthal area through a branch of the ophthalmic artery (22.8%); and Type IV (latent pattern), in which the AA is absent (26.3%). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study will contribute toward improved outcomes for cosmetic surgery involving the injection of facial filler by enhancing the understanding of AA anatomy.
Authors: Adam G Evans; Mirjana G Ivanic; Mina A Botros; Rand W Pope; Briana R Halle; Gabriella E Glassman; Rafaella Genova; Salam Al Kassis Journal: Arch Dermatol Res Date: 2021-01-12 Impact factor: 3.017
Authors: Seung Min Oh; Ju Young Kim; Seungho Han; Won Lee; Il Kim; Giwoong Hong; Wook Oh; Hyungjin Moon; Changmin Seo Journal: Aesthetic Plast Surg Date: 2020-07-24 Impact factor: 2.326